39:6 Az-Zumar (The Groups)

خلقكم ربكم- أيها الناس- من آدم، وخلق منه زوجه، وخلق لكم من الأنعام ثمانية أنواع ذكر‌ًا وأنثى من الإبل والبقر والضأن والمعز، يخلقكم في بطون أمهاتكم طورًا بعد طور من الخلق في ظلمات البطن، والرحم، والمَشِيمَة، ذلكم الله الذي خلق هذه الأشياء، ربكم المتفرد بالملك المتوحد بالألوهية المستحق للعبادة وحده، فكيف تعدلون عن عبادته إلى عبادة غيره مِن خلقه؟

ومن عزته أن { خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ } على كثرتكم وانتشاركم، في أنحاء الأرض، { ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا } وذلك ليسكن إليها وتسكن إليه، وتتم بذلك النعمة. { وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ } أي: خلقها بقدر نازل منه، رحمة بكم. { ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ } وهي التي ذكرها في سورة الأنعام { ثمانية أزواج من الضأن اثنين ومن المعز اثنين } { ومن الإبل اثنين ومن البقر اثنين } وخصها بالذكر، مع أنه أنزل لمصالح عباده من البهائم غيرها، لكثرة نفعها، وعموم مصالحها، ولشرفها، ولاختصاصها بأشياء لا يصلح غيرها، كالأضحية والهدي، والعقيقة، ووجوب الزكاة فيها، واختصاصها بالدية.ولما ذكر خلق أبينا وأمنا، ذكر ابتداء خلقنا، فقال: { يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ خَلْقًا مِنْ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ } أي: طورا بعد طور، وأنتم في حال لا يد مخلوق تمسكم، ولا عين تنظر إليكم، وهو قد رباكم في ذلك المكان الضيق { فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ } ظلمة البطن، ثم ظلمة الرحم، ثم ظلمة المشيمة، { ذَلِكُمْ } الذي خلق السماوات والأرض، وسخر الشمس والقمر، وخلقكم وخلق لكم الأنعام والنعم { اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ } أي: المألوه المعبود، الذي رباكم ودبركم، فكما أنه الواحد في خلقه وتربيته لا شريك له في ذلك، فهو الواحد في ألوهيته، لا شريك له، ولهذا قال: { لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَأَنَّى تُصْرَفُونَ } بعد هذا البيان ببيان استحقاقه تعالى للإخلاص وحده إلى عبادة الأوثان، التي لا تدبر شيئا، وليس لها من الأمر شيء.

وقوله جلت عظمته "خلقكم من نفس واحدة" أي خلقكم مع اختلاف أجناسكم وأصنافكم وألسنتكم وألوانكم من نفس واحدة وهو آدم عليه الصلاة والسلام "ثم جعل منها زوجها" وهي حواء عليها السلام كقوله تعالى "يا أيها الناس اتقوا ربكم الذي خلقكم من نفس واحدة وخلق منها زوجها وبث منهما رجالا كثيرا ونساء" وقوله تعالى "وأنزل لكم من الأنعام ثمانية أزواج" أي وخلق لكم من ظهور الأنعام ثمانية أزواج وهي المذكورة في سورة الأنعام ثمانية أزواج من الضأن اثنين ومن المعز اثنين ومن الإبل اثنين ومن البقر اثنين وقوله عز وجل "يخلقكم في بطون أمهاتكم" أي قدركم في بطون أمهاتكم "خلقا من بعد خلق" يكون أحدكم أولا نطفة ثم يكون علقة ثم يكون مضغة ثم يخلق فيكون لحما وعظما وعصبا وعروقا وينفخ فيه الروح فيصير خلق آخر "فتبارك الله أحسن الخالقين". وقوله جل وعلا "في ظلمات ثلاث" يعني في ظلمة الرحم وظلمة المشيمة التي هي كالغشاوة والوقاية على الولد وظلمة البطن كذا قال ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما ومجاهد وعكرمة وأبو مالك والضحاك وقتادة والسدي وابن زيد. وقوله جل جلاله "ذلكم الله ربكم" أي هذا الذي خلق السموات والأرض وما بينهما وخلقكم وخلق آباءكم هو الرب له الملك والتصرف في جميع ذلك "لا إله إلا هو" أي الذي لا تنبغي العبادة إلا له وحده لا شريك له "فأنى تصرفون" أي فكيف تعبدون معه غيره؟ أين يذهب بعقولكم؟.

He created you from a single soul namely Adam then made from it its mate Eve; and He sent down for you of the cattle of camels cows small cattle sheep and goats eight kinds of each kind a male and a female — as He makes clear in sūrat al-An‘ām Q. 6143f.. He creates you in your mothers’ wombs creation after creation that is to say as a sperm-drop then a blood clot then a foetus in a threefold darkness that is the darkness of the belly that of the womb and that of the placenta. That is God your Lord. To Him belongs all sovereignty. There is no god except Him. Why then are you being turned away? from worshipping Him to worshipping things other than Him?

In verse 6, it was said: وَأَنزَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ الْأَنْعَامِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ (and sent down for you eight pairs of the cattle.). The creation of the cattle has been expressed in this verse by saying that they have been 'sent down from the skies' whereby an indication has been given that a major factor in their creation is water that is sent down from sky. Therefore, it can be said that these too were as if sent down from the skies. The noble Qur'an has used the same expression for human dress: أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ لِبَاسًا (We have sent down to you clothing - A1-A` raf, 7:26). Then, this word also appears in relation to some minerals, for instance, iron: وَأَنزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ j (and We sent down iron - Al-Hadid, 57:25). The purpose is to emphasize that these things were created through the intrinsic power of Allah Ta’ ala, and that they were given to human beings as His blessings. (Qurtubi)

Towards the later part of verse 6, it was said: خَلْقًا مِّن بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ (He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in three layers of darkness.) Here, some clues to the mysteries of Divine power that work in the creation of man have been released. First of all, it was well within the power of Allah Ta’ ala that He could have made the infant come to be created whole and complete in the womb of the mother within a single instant. But, such was the dictate of wisdom and expedient consideration that it was not done. Instead, a process of gradualness was opted for as indicated by: خَلْقًا مِّن بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ (creation after creation). The purpose was to ensure that the woman in whose womb this 'mini universe' was taking shape should gradually become used to bearing its burden. Secondly, the creation of this matchless marvel of beauty and efficiency provided with hundreds of precision gadgets, hair-thin veins to carry life-blood and spiritual input was not to look like things created by common industrialists in spacious factories under glowing lights. Instead of that, this marvel of creation has reached its completion at a place shielded by three layers of darkness, a location so hidden from night that it beats all imagination. فَتَبَارَ‌كَ اللَّـهُ أَحْسَنُ الْخَالِقِينَ (glorious is Allah, the best of the Creators – Al-mu’ minun, 23:14).

He created you from one soul and then made from it its mate. He created heaven and earth and day and night to show the creatures the attribute of His power. They come to know that He is perfectly powerful, an artisan without contrivance, and they take His artisanry as evidence of His unity. He created Adam and the Adamites to make them the treasury of the secrets of Eternity and the target of the gentle favors of generosity. “I was a hidden treasure, so I loved to be recognized.” “I had an incomparable Essence and attributes, so there had to be recognizer. I had infinite majesty and beauty, so there had to be a lover. I was an ocean of mercy and forgiveness beating its waves, so there had to be an object of mercy.” The other created things had nothing to do with love, for they never saw in themselves a high aspiration. The one with high aspiration is you. The angels have straight and orderly work because there was no talk of love with them. The treasures and intimations put into the Adamic makeup were not placed in them. The ups and downs of the Adamites, their bewilderment and confounded- ness, contraction and expansion, sorrow and joy, absence and presence, togetherness and disper- sion; the drafts mixed with poison in their hands, the swords hanging over their necks-they have all these because a whiff of love's rose reached their nostrils. Passion for You turned me into a tavern-goer like this- otherwise I was safe and orderly. Abū Yazīd BasṬāmī said, “Once I was craving the wine of passion in the seclusion of 'I am the sitting companion of those who remember Me.' I was bold, and I carried a heavy load of trials for my boldness. I had tasted many drops of tribulation. I said, 'O God, Your stream is flowing-how long will I be thirsty? What sort of thirst is this that I see one cup after another? “Who has ever had a state rarer than this? I'm thirsty and clear water is flowing before me. “'Exalted of the two worlds! How often will you become hidden, how often apparent? The heart is bewildered, the spirit distracted. How long this curtaining and self-disclosing? When at last will there be the everlasting self-disclosure? O God, how long will You call and drive away? I have melted in wanting the day in which You stay.