56:82 Al-Waaqia (The Inevitable)

{ وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ } أي: تجعلون مقابلة منة الله عليكم بالرزق التكذيب والكفر لنعمة الله، فتقولون: مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا، وتضيفون النعمة لغير مسديها وموليها، فهلا شكرتم الله تعالى على إحسانه، إذ أنزله الله إليكم ليزيدكم من فضله، فإن التكذيب والكفر داع لرفع النعم وحلول النقم.

"وتجعلون رزقكم أنكم تكذبون" قال بعضهم معنى وتجعلون رزقكم بمعنى شكركم أنكم تكذبون أي تكذبون بدل الشكر وقد روي عن علي وابن عباس أنهما قرآها "وتجعلون شكركم أنكم تكذبون" كما سيأتي وقال ابن جرير وقد ذكر عن الهيثم بن عدي أن من لغة أزدشنوءة ما رزق فلان بمعنى ما شكر فلان. وقال الإمام أحمد حدثنا حسين بن محمد حدثنا إسرائيل عن عبد الأعلى عن أبي عبدالرحمن عن علي رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "وتجعلون رزقكم" يقول - شكركم "أنكم تكذبون" تقولون مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا بنجم كذا وكذا" وهكذا رواه ابن أبي حاتم عن أبيه عن مخول بن إبراهيم النهدي وابن جرير عن محمد بن المثنى عن عبيدالله بن موسى وعن يعقوب بن إبراهيم عن يحيى ابن أبي بكير ثلاثتهم عن إسرائيل به مرفوعا وكذا رواه الترمذي عن أحمد بن منيع عن حسين بن محمد وهو المروزي به وقال حسن غريب وقد رواه سفيان الثوري عن عبدالأعلى ولم يرفعه. وقال ابن جرير حدثنا محمد بن بشار حدثنا محمد بن جعفر حدثنا شعبة عن أبي بشر عن سعيد بن جبير عن ابن عباس قال: ما مطر قوم قط إلا أصبح بعضهم كافرا يقولون مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا وقرأ ابن عباس "وتجعلون شكركم أنكم تكذبون" وهذا إسناد صحيح إلى ابن عباس وقال مالك في الموطأ عن صالح بن كيسان عن عبيدالله بن عبدالله بن عتبة بن مسعود عن زيد بن خالد الجهني أنه قال: صلى بنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم صلاة الصبح بالحديبية في أثر سماء كانت من الليل فلما انصرف أقبل على الناس فقال "هل تدرون ماذا قال ربكم" قالوا الله ورسوله أعلم قال "قال أصبح من عبادي مؤمن بي وكافر فأما من قال مطرنا بفضل الله ورحمته فذلك مؤمن بي كافر بالكوكب وأما من قال مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا فذلك كافر بي مؤمن بالكوكب" أخرجاه في الصحيحين وأبو داود والنسائي كلهم من حديث مالك به. وقال مسلم حدثنا محمد بن سلمة المرادي وعمرو بن سواد حدثنا عبدالله بن وهب عن عمر بن الحارث أن أبا يونس حدثه عن أبي هريرة عى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال "ما أنزل الله من السماء من بركة إلا أصبح فريق من الناس بها كافرين ينزل الغيث فيقولون بكوكب كذا وكذا" انفرد به مسلم من هذا الوجه. وقال ابن جرير حدثني يونس أخبرنا سفيان عن محمد بن إسحاق عن محمد بن إبراهيم بن الحارث التيمي عن أبي سلمة عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال "إن الله ليصبح القوم بالنعمة أو يمسيهم بها فيصبح بها قوم كافرين يقولون مطرنا بنوء كذا وكذا" قال محمد هو ابن إبراهيم فذكرت هذا الحديث لسعيد بن المسيب فقال ونحن قد سمعنا من أبي هريرة وقد أخبرني من شهد عمر بن الخطاب رضي الله عنه وهو يستسقي فلما استسقى التفت إلى العباس فقال يا عباس يا عم رسول الله كم أبقى من نوء الثريا فقال العلماء يزعمون أنها تعترض في الأفق بعد سقوطها سبعا قال فما مضت سابعة حتى مطروا وهذا محمول على السؤال عن الوقت الذي أجرى الله فيه العادة بإنزال المطر لا أن ذلك النوء مؤثر بنفسه في نزول المطر فإن هذا هو المنهي عن اعتقاده وقد تقدم شيء من هذه الأحاديث عند قوله تعالى "ما يفتح الله للناس من رحمة فلا ممسك لها" وقال ابن جرير حدثني يونس أخبرنا سفيان عن إسماعيل بن أمية فيما أحسبه أو غيره أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سمع رجلا ومطروا يقول مطرنا ببعض عثانين الأسد فقال "كذبت بل هو رزق الله". ثم قال ابن جرير حدثني أبو صالح الصراري حدثنا أبو جابر محمد بن عبدالملك الأودي حدثنا جعفر بن الزبير عن القاسم عن أبي أمامة عن النبي صلي الله عليه وسلم قال "ما مطر قوم من ليلة إلا أصبح قوم بها كافرين- ثم قال - "وتجعلون رزقكم أنكم تكذبون" يقول قائل مطرنا بنجم كذا وكذا". وفي حديث عن أبي سعيد مرفوعا "لو قحط الناس سبع سنين ثم مطروا لقالوا مطرنا بنوء المجدع" وقال مجاهد "وتجعلون رزقكم أنكم تكذبون" قال قولهم في الأنواء مطرنا بنوء كذا وبنوء كذا يقول قولوا هو من عند الله وهو رزقه وهكذا قال الضحاك وغير واحد وقال قتادة أما الحسن فكان يقول بئس ما أخذ قوم وأنفسهم لم يرزقوا من كتاب الله إلا التكذيب فمعنى قول الحسن هذا وتجعلون حظكم من كتاب الله أنكم تكذبون به ولهذا قال قبله "أفبهذا الحديث أنتم مدهنون وتجعلون رزقكم أنكم تكذبون".

Allah swears to the Greatness of the Qur'an

The usage of La (in Fala) is not an extra character without meaning, as some of the scholars of Tafsir say. Rather it is used at the beginning of an oath when the oath is a negation. This is like when `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her said, "La by Allah! Allah's Messenger ﷺ did not touch any woman's hand at all. So in this way, the meaning is, "No! I swear by the Mawaqi` of the stars. The matter is not as you people claim - about the Qur'an - that it is a result of magic or sorcery, rather it is an Honorable Qur'an." Ibn Jarir said, "Some of the scholars of the Arabic language said that the meaning of:

فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ

(Fala! I swear) is, `The matter is not as you people have claimed.' Then He renews the oath again by saying, `I swear."'

فَلاَ أُقْسِمُ بِمَوَقِعِ النُّجُومِ

(Fala! I swear by the Mawaqi` of the stars.) Mujahid said, "The setting positions of the stars in the sky," and he said that it refers to the rising and setting positions. This was said by Al-Hasan, Qatadah and preferred by Ibn Jarir. Qatadah also said that it means their positions. Allah said,

وَإِنَّهُ لَقَسَمٌ لَّوْ تَعْلَمُونَ عَظِيمٌ

(And verily that is indeed a great oath, if you but know.) meaning, `this is a great vow that I -- Allah -- am making; if you knew the greatness of this vow, you will know the greatness of the subject of the vow,'

إِنَّهُ لَقُرْءَانٌ كَرِيمٌ

(That (this) is indeed an honorable recitation.) means, verily, this Qur'an that was revealed to Muhammad ﷺ is a Glorious Book,

فِى كِتَـبٍ مَّكْنُونٍ

(In a Book Maknun.) meaning glorious; in a glorious, well-guarded, revered Book. Ibn Jarir narrated that Isma`il bin Musa said that Sharik reported from Hakim, that is Ibn Jubayr, from Sa`id bin Jubayr, from Ibn `Abbas that about:

لاَّ يَمَسُّهُ إِلاَّ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ

(Which none touches but the pure ones.) he said, "The Book that is in heaven." Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas about:

لاَّ يَمَسُّهُ إِلاَّ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ

(Which none touches but the pure ones.) that `the pure ones' means: "The angels." Similar was said by Anas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Ad-Dahhak, Abu Ash-Sha`tha' Jabir bin Zayd, Abu Nahik, As-Suddi, `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and others. Ibn Jarir narrated that Ibn `Abdul-A`la said that Ibn Thawr said that Ma`mar said from Qatadah about:

لاَّ يَمَسُّهُ إِلاَّ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ

(Which none touches but the pure ones.) that he said, "None can touch it, with Allah, except the pure ones. However, in this life, the impure Zoroastrian and the filthy hypocrite touch it." And he said, "In the recitation of Ibn Mas`ud it is: (مَا يَمَسُّهُ إِلَّا الْمُطَهَّرُونَ) (It is not touched, except by the pure ones.) Abu Al-`Aliyah said:

لاَّ يَمَسُّهُ إِلاَّ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ

(Which none touches but the pure ones.) "It does not refer to you, because you are sinners!" Ibn Zayd said, "The Quraysh disbelievers claimed that the devils brought down the Qur'an. Allah the Exalted stated that only the pure ones touch the Qur'an, as He said:

وَمَا تَنَزَّلَتْ بِهِ الشَّيَـطِينُ - وَمَا يَنبَغِى لَهُمْ وَمَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ - إِنَّهُمْ عَنِ السَّمْعِ لَمَعْزُولُونَ

(And it is not the Shayatin who have brought it down. Neither would it suit them nor they can (produce it). Verily, they have been removed far from hearing it.)(26:210-212)" This saying is a good saying, and does not contradict those before it. Allah said,

تَنزِيلٌ مِّن رَّبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ

(A revelation from the Lord of all that exists. ) meaning this Qur'an is a revelation from the Lord of all that exists, not as they say that it is magic, sorcery or poetry. Rather it is the truth, no doubt about it; there is none beyond it of useful truth. Allah's statement,

أَفَبِهَـذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنتُمْ مُّدْهِنُونَ

(Is it such a talk that you are Mudhinun) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas that Mudhinun means, "You do not believe in and deny." Similar to this was said by Ad-Dahhak, Abu Hazrah and As-Suddi. Mujahid said,

مُّدْهِنُونَ

(Mudhinun) means "You want to fill yourselves with and rely upon."

وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ

(And you make your provision your denial!) some of them said that provision here has the meaning of gratitude, meaning: you deny without any gratitude. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that he recited it as: (وَتَجْعَلُونَ شُكْرَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ) (And your show of your gratitude by denying!) Ibn Jarir narrated from Muhammad bin Bashshar, who narrated from Muhammad bin Ja`far, who narrated from Shu`bah, from Abu Bishr, from Sa`id bin Jubayr who said that Ibn `Abbas said, "It has never rained upon a people except that some of them became disbelievers by saying, `Such and such position of a star sent rain!"' And Ibn `Abbas recited: (وَتَجْعَلُونَ شُكْرَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ) (And you show of your gratitude by denying.) This chain of narration is Sahih to Ibn `Abbas. In his Muwatta', Malik reported from Salih bin Kaysan, from `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah bin `Utbah bin Mas`ud, from Zayd bin Khalid Al-Juhani who said, "The Prophet led us in the Subh (dawn) prayer at Al-Hudaybiyah after a rainy night. On completion of the prayer, he faced the congregation and said,

«هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟»

(Do you know what your Lord has said (revealed)) Those present replied, `Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said,

«قَالَ: أَصْبَحَ مِنْ عِبَادِي مُؤْمِنٌ بِي وَكَافِرٌ، فَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِفَضْلِ اللهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ، فَذلِكَ مُؤْمِنٌ بِي، كَافِرٌ بِالْكَوْكَبِ، وَأَمَّا مَنْ قَالَ: مُطِرْنَا بِنَوْءِ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَذلِكَ كَافِرٌ بِي وَمُؤْمِنٌ بِالْكَوْكَب»

(Allah has said, "During this morning some of my servants remained as true believers in Me and some became disbelievers. Whoever said that the rain was due to the blessings and the mercy of Allah, had belief in Me, and he disbelieves in the stars; and whoever said that it rained because of a particular star, had no belief in Me, but believes in that star.")" This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs, Abu Dawud and An-Nasa'i, all using a chain of narration in which Imam Malik was included. Qatadah said, "Al-Hasan used to say, `How evil is that all that some people have earned for themselves from the Book of Allah, is denying it!"' Al-Hasan's statement means that such people gained no benefit from the Book of Allah because they denied it, as Allah said:

أَفَبِهَـذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنتُمْ مُّدْهِنُونَ - وَتَجْعَلُونَ رِزْقَكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تُكَذِّبُونَ

(Is it such a talk that you Mudhinun And you make your provision that you deny!)

And for your livelihood in the way of rain that is to say the thanks for it you offer your denial? of God’s granting it to you by saying ‘We have rain because of this or that storm’?

أَفَبِهَـٰذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنتُم مُّدْهِنُونَ (Is it this discourse that you take lightly,...56:81) The word mudhinun is the plural of mudhin, being the active participle from اِذھَان idhan, which literally means 'to apply or rub oil on the body'. When oil is applied or rubbed on the body, the muscles are relaxed, and parts of the body become soft and supple. By extension, the word is employed in the sense of showing flexibility and softness on inappropriate occasions. Hence, it is used in the sense of hypocrisy.

(And make denial thereof your livelihood?) [56:82]. Sa'id ibn Muhammad al-Mu'adhdhin informed us> Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Hamdun> Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Hafiz> Hamdan al-Sulami> al-Nadr ibn Muhammad> 'Ikrimah ibn 'Ammar> Abu Zumayl> Ibn 'Abbas who said: �People were once blessed with rain at the time of the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and so the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said: 'Some people have woken up this morning as grateful people while others have woken up as disbelievers. The former said: This is a blessing sent by Allah, exalted is He, while the latter said: the prediction based on such-and-such a star has been fulfilled'. The following verse was then revealed (Nay, I swear by the places of the stars) [56:75] up to His words (And make denial thereof your livelihood?)�. This is narrated by Muslim from 'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-'Azim from al-Nadr ibn Muhammad. It was also reported that once the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, travelled and after traversing a distance camped at a certain place. People were very thirsty but they had no water to drink. They mentioned this to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, and he said: �What if I made a prayer and you were given rain, would you say that we were given rain thanks to such-and-such a star?� They said: �O Messenger of Allah, this is not the time of stars�. The Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, prayed two units of prayer and made supplications to Allah, glorified and blessed is He. The wind erupted and clouds appeared. Rain then poured down so much so that streams of water run down the valleys. People filled their water containers. But then the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, passed by a man who was using a goblet to ladle water. The man was saying: �We were given rain thanks to such-and-such a star�, and failed to say: �This is the sustenance of Allah, glorified is He�. Allah, glory be to Him, revealed (And make denial thereof your livelihood?). Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad ibn 'Umar al-Zahid informed us> Abu 'Amr Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Jizi> al-Hasan ibn Sufyan> Harmalah ibn Yahya and 'Amr ibn Sawwad al-Sarkhi> 'Abd Allah ibn Wahb> Yunus ibn Yazid> Ibn Shihab> 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Utbah> Abu Hurayrah who reported that the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said: �Have you not heard what your Lord has said? He said: 'I have not blessed My slaves with any bounty except that some of them were ungrateful. They say: The stars did this and we were given it thanks to the stars!' � This was narrated by Muslim from Harmalah and 'Amr ibn Sawwad.