54:15 Al-Qamar (The Moon)

{ وَلَقَدْ تَرَكْنَاهَا آيَةً فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ } أي: ولقد تركنا قصة نوح مع قومه آية يتذكر بها المتذكرون، على أن من عصى الرسل وعاندهم أهلكه الله بعقاب عام شديد، أو أن الضمير يعود إلى السفينة وجنسها، وأن أصل صنعتها تعليممن الله لعبده نوح عليه السلام، ثم أبقى الله تعالى صنعتها وجنسها بين الناس ليدل ذلك على رحمته بخلقه وعنايته، وكمال قدرته، وبديع صنعته، { فَهَلْ مِنْ مُدَّكِرٍ } ؟ أي: فهل من متذكر للآيات، ملق ذهنه وفكرته لما يأتيه منها، فإنها في غاية البيان واليسر؟

قال قتادة أبقى الله سفينة نوح حتى أدركها أول هذه الأمة والظاهر أن المراد من ذلك جنس السفن كقوله تعالى "وآية لهم أنا حملنا ذريتهم في الفلك المشحون وخلقنا لهم من مثله ما يركبون" وقال تعالى "إنا لما طغى الماء حملناكم في الجارية لنجعلها لكم تذكرة وتعيها أذن واعية" ولهذا قال ههنا "فهل من مدكر" أي فهل من يتذكر ويتعظ. قال الإمام أحمد حدثنا حجاج حدثنا إسرائيل عن أبي إسحاق عن الأسود عن ابن مسعود قال أقرأني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "فهل من مدكر" وهكذا رواه البخاري حدثنا يحيى حدثنا وكيع عن إسرائيل عن أبي إسحاق عن الأسود بن يزيد عن عبدالله قال قرأت على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم "فهل من مدكر" وقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم "فهل من مدكر" وروى البخاري أيضا من حديث شعبة عن أبي إسحاق عن الأسود عن عبدالله قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقرأ "فهل من مدكر" وقال حدثنا أبو نعيم حدثنا زهير عن أبي إسحاق أنه سمع رجلا سأل الأسود فهل من مذكر أو مدكر قال سمعت عبدالله يقرأ "فهل من مدكر" وقال سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقرؤها "فهل من مدكر"- دالا - وقد أخرج مسلم هذا الحديث وأهل السنن إلا ابن ماجة من حديث أبي إسحاق.

The Story of the People of Nuh and the Lesson from it

Allah the Exalted said,

كَذَّبَتْ

(denied) `before your people, O Muhammad,'

قَوْمُ نُوحٍ فَكَذَّبُواْ عَبْدَنَا

(the people of Nuh. They rejected Our servant) means, they denied him categorically and accused him of madness,

وَقَالُواْ مَجْنُونٌ وَازْدُجِرَ

(and said: "A madman!" Wazdujir.) Mujahid said about Wazdujir: "He was driven out accused on account of madness." It was also said that Wazdujir means, he was rebuked, deterred, threatened and warned by his people saying:

لَئِنْ لَّمْ تَنْتَهِ ينُوحُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُرْجُومِينَ

("If you do not stop O Nuh, you will be among those who will be stoned.") 26:116 This was said by Ibn Zayd, and it is sound.

فَدَعَا رَبَّهُ أَنُّى مَغْلُوبٌ فَانتَصِرْ

(Then he invoked his Lord (saying): "I have been overcome, so help (me)!") meaning, `I am weak and cannot overcome or resist my people, so help Your religion!' Allah the Exalted said,

فَفَتَحْنَآ أَبْوَبَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَاءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ

(So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir.) As-Suddi said about Munhamir, "It means abundant."

وَفَجَّرْنَا الاٌّرْضَ عُيُوناً

(And We caused springs to gush forth from the earth.) means, from every part of the earth, and even ovens in which fire was burning -- water and springs gushed forth,

فَالْتَقَى المَآءُ

(So, the waters met), means, of the heaven and the earth,

عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ قُدِرَ

(for a matter predestined.) Ibn Jurayj reported from Ibn `Abbas:

فَفَتَحْنَآ أَبْوَبَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَاءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ

(So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir), Torrential rain, the only water that fell from the sky before that day and ever since was from clouds. But the sky's gates were opened on them that day, and therefore, the water that came down was not from clouds. So both the waters (of the earth and the heaven) met according to a matter ordained." Allah said,

وَحَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى ذَاتِ أَلْوَحٍ وَدُسُرٍ

(And We carried him on a (ship) made of planks and nails (Dusur)), Ibn `Abbas, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Qurazi, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said that Dusur means nails. Ibn Jarir preferred this view. Allah's statement,

تَجْرِى بِأَعْيُنِنَا

(Floating under Our Eyes), means, `by Our command and under Our protection and observation,'

جَزَآءً لِّمَن كَانَ كُفِرَ

(a reward for him who had been rejected!) meaning, as recompense for them because of their disbelief in Allah and as reward for Nuh, peace be upon him. Allah the Exalted said,

وَلَقَدْ تَّرَكْنَـهَا ءايَةً

(And indeed, We have left this as a sign.) Qatadah said, "Allah left the ship of Nuh intact until the first generation of this Ummah were able to see it." However, it appears that the meaning here is that Allah kept ships as a sign. For instance, Allah the Exalted said,

وَءَايَةٌ لَّهُمْ أَنَّا حَمَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فِى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ - وَخَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّن مِّثْلِهِ مَا يَرْكَبُونَ

(And a sign for them is that We bore their offspring in the laden ship. And We have created for them of the like thereunto, on which they ride.)(36:41-42),

إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَا الْمَآءُ حَمَلْنَـكُمْ فِى الْجَارِيَةِ - لِنَجْعَلَهَا لَكُمْ تَذْكِرَةً وَتَعِيَهَآ أُذُنٌ وَعِيَةٌ

(Verily, when the water rose beyond its limits, We carried you in the boat. That We might make it an admonition for you and that it might be retained by the retaining ears.)(69:11-12) Allah's statement here,

فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ

(Then is there any that will remember) means, `is there any that will receive admonition and reminder. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The Prophet recited to me,

فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ

(Then is there any that will remember)" Al-Bukhari collected a similar Hadith from `Abdullah that he said, "I recited to the Prophet (فَهَلْ مِن مُّذَّكِرٍ) (then is there any that will remember) and the Prophet said,

فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ

(Then is there any that will remember)" Allah's statement,

فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ

(Then how (terrible) was My torment and My warnings) means, `how terrible was My torment that I inflicted on those who disbelieved in Me and denied My Messengers, who did not heed to My warnings How was My help that I extended to My Messengers and the revenge exerted on their behalf,'

وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْءَانَ لِلذِّكْرِ

(And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember); meaning, `We have made the Qur'an easy to recite and comprehend for those who seek these traits, to remind mankind,' as Allah said,

كِتَـبٌ أَنزَلْنَـهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَـرَكٌ لِّيَدَّبَّرُواْ ءَايَـتِهِ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُوْلُو الاٌّلْبَـبِ

((This is) a Book which We have sent down to you, full of blessings, that they may ponder over its Ayat, and that men of understanding may remember.)(38:29),

فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَـهُ بِلَسَانِكَ لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ الْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُّدّاً

(So We have made this (the Qur'an) easy in your own tongue, only that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa and warn with it the most quarrelsome people.)(19:97) Allah said,

فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ

(then is there any that will remember), meaning, `is there anyone who will remember through this Qur'an, which We made easy to memorize and easy to understand' Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi commented on this Ayah, "Is there anyone who will avoid evil"

And verily We left it We preserved this deed as a sign for whomever might be admonished by it in other words the news of this deed became widely-known and endured. So is there anyone who will remember? anyone who will take heed from or be admonished by it? muddakir is actually mudhtakir but the tā’ has been replaced with a dāl likewise the dhāl and it the dāl has been assimilated with it the other dāl.

ذَاتِ أَلْوَاحٍ وَدُسُرٍ‌ (to board that [ ship ] which had planks and nails...54:13). The word alwah is the plural of lawh and it refers to a board or a plank. The word dusur is the plural of disar and it stands for nail. It also means a cord of fibres of the palm tree with which the planks of a ship are bound together.