15:44 Al-Hijr (The Rock)

{ لَهَا سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ } كل باب أسفل من الآخر، { لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِنْهُمْ } أي: من أتباع إبليس { جُزْءٌ مَقْسُومٌ } بحسب أعمالهم. قال الله تعالى: { فَكُبْكِبُوا فِيهَا هُمْ وَالْغَاوُونَ وَجُنُودُ إِبْلِيسَ أَجْمَعُونَ }

ثم أخبر أن لجهنم سبعة أبواب " لكل باب منهم جزء مقسوم " أي قد كتب لكل باب منها جزء من أتباع إبليس يدخلونه لا محيد لهم عنه أجارنا الله منه وكل يدخل من باب بحسب عمله ويستقر في درك بقدر عمله قال إسماعيل ابن علية وشعبة كلاهما عن أبي هارون الغنوي عن حطان بن عبد الله أنه قال سمعت علي بن أبي طالب وهو يخطب قال: إن أبواب جهنم هكذا - قال أبو هارون - أطباقا بعضها فوق بعض وقال إسرائيل عن أبي إسحاق عن هبيرة بن أبي مريم عن علي رضي الله عنه قال أبواب جهنم سبعة بعضها فوق بعض فيمتلئ الأول ثم الثاني ثم الثالث حتى تمتلئ كلها وقال عكرمة سبعة أبواب سبعة أطباق وقال ابن جريج سبعة أبواب أولها جهنم ثم لظى ثم الحطمة ثم السعير ثم سقر ثم الجحيم ثم الهاوية. وروي الضحاك عن ابن عباس نحوه وكذا روي عن الأعمش بنحوه أيضا وفال قتادة " لها سبعة أبواب لكل باب منهم جزء مقسوم " هي والله منازل بأعمالهم رواهن ابن جرير وقال جويبر عن الضحاك " لها سبعة أبواب لكل باب منهم جزء مقسوم " قال باب لليهود وباب للنصارى وباب للصابئين وباب للمجوس وباب للذين أشركوا وهم كفار العرب وباب للمنافقين وباب لأهل التوحيد فأهل التوحيد يرجى لهم ولا يرجى لأولئك أبدا. وقال الترمذي حدثنا عبد بن حميد حدثنا عثمان بن عمر عن مالك بن مغول عن حميد عن ابن عمر عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال " لجهنم سبعة أبواب باب منها لمن سل السيف على أمتي - أو قال - على أمة محمد " ثم قال لا نعرفه إلا من حديث مالك بن مغول. وقال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا أبي حدثنا عباس بن الوليد الخلال حدثنا زيد - يعني ابن يحيى - حدثنا سعيد بن بشير عن قتادة عن أبي نضرة عن سمرة بن جندب عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في قوله " لكل باب منهم جزء مقسوم " قال " إن من أهل النار من تأخذه النار إلى كعبه وإن منهم من تأخذه النار إلى حجزته ومنهم من تأخذه النار إلى تراقيه منازلهم بأعمالهم فذلك قوله لكل باب منهم جزء مقسوم ".

The Threat of Iblis to tempt Mankind, and Allah's Promise of Hell for him

Allah informed about the rebellion and arrogance of Iblis, in that he said to the Lord:

بِمَآ أَغْوَيْتَنِى

(Because You misled me,) i.e., because You misled me and misguided me.

لأُزَيِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ

(I shall indeed adorn the path of error for them) meaning, for the progeny of Adam.

فِى الاٌّرْضِ

(on the earth,) meaning - I will make sin dear to them, and will encourage, provoke and harass them to commit sin.

وَلأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

(and I shall mislead them all.) meaning - just as You have misled me and have ordained that for me.

إِلاَّ عِبَادَكَ مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ

(Except Your chosen, (guided) servants among them.) This is like the Ayah:

أَرَءَيْتَكَ هَـذَا الَّذِى كَرَّمْتَ عَلَىَّ لَئِنْ أَخَّرْتَنِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَـمَةِ لأَحْتَنِكَنَّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ إَلاَّ قَلِيلاً

("Do you see this one whom You have honored above me, if You give me respite until the Day of Resurrection, I will surely seize and mislead his offspring, all but a few!") (17:62).

قَالَ

((Allah) said), i.e., threatening and warning Iblis.

هَذَا صِرَطٌ عَلَىَّ مُسْتَقِيمٌ

(This is the way which will lead straight to Me.) means, `all of you will return to Me, and I will reward or punish you according to your deeds: if they are good then I will reward you, and if they are bad then I will punish you.' This is like the Ayah:

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ

(Verily, your Lord is ever watchful.) (89:14) and

وَعَلَى اللَّهِ قَصْدُ السَّبِيلِ

(And it is up to Allah to show the right way.) (16:9)

إِنَّ عِبَادِى لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَـنٌ

(Certainly, you shall have no authority over My servants) meaning, `you will have no way to reach those for whom I have decreed guidance.'

إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْغَاوِينَ

(except those of the astray who follow you.) Ibn Jarir mentioned that Yazid bin Qusayt said: "The Prophets used to have Masjids outside their cities, and if a Prophet wanted to consult with his Lord about something, he would go out to his place of worship and pray as Allah decreed. Then he would ask Him about whatever was concerning him. Once while a Prophet was in his place of worship, the enemy of Allah - meaning Iblis - came and sat between him and the Qiblah (direction of prayer). The Prophet said, `I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaytan.' The enemy of Allah said, `Do you know who you are seeking refuge from Here he is!' The Prophet said, `I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed Shaytan', and he repeated that three times. Then the enemy of Allah said, `Tell me about anything in which you will be saved from me.' The Prophet twice said, `No, you tell me about something in which you can overpower the son of Adam' Each of them was insisting that the other answer first, then the Prophet said, Allah says,

إِنَّ عِبَادِى لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَـنٌ إِلاَّ مَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْغَاوِينَ

(Certainly, you shall have no authority over My servants, except those of the astray who follow you.) The enemy of Allah said, `I heard this before you were even born.' The Prophet said, `And Allah says,

وَإِمَّا يَنَزَغَنَّكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطَـنِ نَزْغٌ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ

(And if an evil whisper comes to you from Shaytan then seek refuge with Allah. Verily, He is All-Hearing, All-Knowing) (7: 200). By Allah, I never sense that you are near but I seek refuge with Allah from you.' The enemy of Allah said, `You have spoken the truth. In this way you will be saved from me.' The Prophet said, `Tell me in what ways you overpower the son of Adam.' He said, `I seize him at times of anger and times of desire.'

وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمَوْعِدُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

(And surely, Hell is the place promised for them all.) meaning, Hell is the abode designated for all those who follow Iblis, as Allah says in the Qur'an:

وَمَن يَكْفُرْ بِهِ مِنَ الاٌّحْزَابِ فَالنَّارُ مَوْعِدُهُ

(but those of the sects (Jews, Christians and all the other non-Muslim nations) that reject it (the Qur'an), the Fire will be their promised meeting place.)(11:17)

The Gates of Hell are Seven

Then Allah tells us that Hell has seven gates:

لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِّنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَّقْسُومٌ

(for each of those gates is a (special) class (of sinners) assigned.) means, for each gate a portion of the followers of Iblis have been decreed, and they will have no choice in the matter. May Allah save us from that. Each one will enter a gate according to his deeds, and will settle in a level of Hell according to his deeds. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Samurah bin Jundub reported from the Prophet about,

لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِّنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَّقْسُومٌ

(for each of those gates is a class assigned.) He said,

«إِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ مَنْ تَأْخُذُهُ النَّارُ إِلَى كَعْبَيْهِ، وَإِنَّ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَأْخُذُهُ النَّارُ إِلَى حُجْزَتِهِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ تَأْخُذُهُ النَّارُ إِلَى تَرَاقِيه»

(Among the people of Hell are those whom the Fire will swallow up to the ankles, and those whom it will swallow up to the waist, and those whom it will swallow up to the collarbone.) The degree of which will depend upon their deeds. This is like the Ayah;

لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِّنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَّقْسُومٌ

(for each of those gates is a class assigned.)

It has seven gates seven layers — to each gate therein belongs an appointed portion lot of them.

The Seven Gates of Jahannam

About the statement: لَهَا سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ (It has seven gates - 44), according to a narration of Sayyidna ` Ali ؓ reported by Imam Alhmad, Ibn Jarir Al-Tabari and Al-Baihaqi, the seven gates of Jahannam (Hell) are in terms of seven levels, one upon the other. Some others have taken these as common gates where every gate will be reserved for a special kind of sinners. (Qurtubi)