9:63 At-Tawba (The Repentance)

وهذا محادة للّه ومشاقة له، وقد توعد من حاده بقوله‏:‏ ‏{‏أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّهُ مَنْ يُحَادِدِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ‏}‏ أي ‏:‏ يكون في حد وشق مبعد عن اللّه ورسوله بأن تهاون بأوامر اللّه، وتجرأ على محارمه‏.‏ ‏{‏فَأَنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدًا فِيهَا ذَلِكَ الْخِزْيُ الْعَظِيمُ‏}‏ الذي لا خزي أشنع ولا أفظع منه، حيث فاتهم النعيم المقيم، وحصلوا على عذاب الجحيم عياذا باللّه من أحوالهم‏.‏

وقوله تعالى " ألم يعلموا أنه من يحادد الله ورسوله " الآية أي ألم يتحققوا ويعلموا أنه من حاد الله عز وجل أي شاقه وحاربه وخالفه وكان في حد والله ورسوله في حد " فأن له نار جهنم خالدا فيها " أي مهانا معذبا و" ذلك الخزي العظيم " أي وهذا هو الذل العظيم والشقاء الكبير.

Hypocrites revert to Lies to please People

Qatadah said about Allah's statement,

يَحْلِفُونَ بِاللَّهِ لَكُمْ لِيُرْضُوكُمْ

(They swear by Allah to you (Muslims) in order to please you) "A hypocrite man said, `By Allah! They (hypocrites) are our chiefs and masters. If what Muhammad says is true, they are worse than donkeys.' A Muslim man heard him and declared, `By Allah! What Muhammad says is true and you are worse than a donkey!' The Muslim man conveyed what happened to the Prophet who summoned the hypocrite and asked him,

«مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى الَّذِي قُلْتَ؟»

(What made you say what you said) That man invoked curses on himself and swore by Allah that he never said that. Meanwhile, the Muslim man said, `O Allah! Assert the truth of the truthful and expose the lies of the liar.' Allah revealed this Verse."' Allah's statement,

أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُواْ أَنَّهُ مَن يُحَادِدِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ

(Know they not that whoever opposes and shows hostility to Allah and His Messenger,) means, have they not come to know and realize that those who defy, oppose, wage war and reject Allah, thus becoming on one side while Allah and His Messenger on another side,

فَأَنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِداً فِيهَا

(certainly for him will be the fire of Hell to abide therein), in a humiliating torment,

ذَلِكَ الْخِزْىُ الْعَظِيمُ

(That is the extreme disgrace)9:63, that is the greatest disgrace and the tremendous misery.

Do they not know that the fact is that whoever opposes God and His Messenger for him shall be the fire of Hell as a requital to abide therein? That is the great abasement.

Commentary

The present verses, like the previous ones, chastise hypocrites for their absurd objections, hostility to the Holy Prophet ﷺ and their feigned professions of Faith on false oaths.

The first verse (61) mentions the painful comment made by the hypocrites against the Holy Prophet ﷺ . They thought, since he hears and believes everything, they had nothing to worry about. In the event, their conspiracy was exposed, they would simply tell him on oath that they had nothing to do with it. Allah Almighty corrected them by saying that His Messenger preferred silence against baseless hostilities because of his high morals. He did not believe in what they said. He himself knew reality as it was. He simply avoided refuting them on their faces because of his inherent gentleness of nature.