6:70 Al-An'aam (The Cattle)

المقصود من العباد، أن يخلصوا لله الدين، بأن يعبدوه وحده لا شريك له، ويبذلوا مقدورهم في مرضاته ومحابه. وذلك متضمن لإقبال القلب على الله وتوجهه إليه، وكون سعي العبد نافعا، وجدًّا، لا هزلا، وإخلاصا لوجه الله، لا رياء وسمعة، هذا هو الدين الحقيقي، الذي يقال له دين، فأما من زعم أنه على الحق، وأنه صاحب دين وتقوى، وقد اتخذ دينَه لعبا ولهوا. بأن لَهَا قلبُه عن محبة الله ومعرفته، وأقبل على كل ما يضره، ولَهَا في باطله، ولعب فيه ببدنه، لأن العمل والسعي إذا كان لغير الله، فهو لعب، فهذا أَمَر الله تعالى أن يترك ويحذر، ولا يغتر به، وتنظر حاله، ويحذر من أفعاله، ولا يغتر بتعويقه عما يقرب إلى الله. { وَذَكِّرْ بِهِ } أي: ذكر بالقرآن، ما ينفع العباد، أمرا، وتفصيلا، وتحسينا له، بذكر ما فيه من أوصاف الحسن، وما يضر العباد نهيا عنه، وتفصيلا لأنواعه، وبيان ما فيه، من الأوصاف القبيحة الشنيعة، الداعية لتركه، وكل هذا لئلا تبسل نفس بما كسبت، أي: قبل اقتحام العبد للذنوب وتجرئه على علام الغيوب، واستمرارها على ذلك المرهوب، فذكرها، وعظها، لترتدع وتنزجر، وتكف عن فعلها. وقوله { لَيْسَ لَهَا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيٌّ وَلَا شَفِيعٌ } أي: قبل [أن] تحيط بها ذنوبها، ثم لا ينفعها أحد من الخلق، لا قريب ولا صديق، ولا يتولاها من دون الله أحد، ولا يشفع لها شافع { وَإِنْ تَعْدِلْ كُلَّ عَدْلٍ } أي: تفتدي بكل فداء، ولو بملء الأرض ذهبا { لَا يُؤْخَذْ مِنْهَا } أي: لا يقبل ولا يفيد. { أُولَئِكَ } الموصوفون بما ذكر { الَّذِينَ أُبْسِلُوا } أي: أهلكوا وأيسوا من الخير، وذلك { بِمَا كَسَبُوا لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ } أي: ماء حار قد انتهى حره، يشوي وجوههم، ويقطع أمعاءهم { وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ }

يقول تعالي "وذر الذين اتخذوا دينهم لعبا ولهوا وغرتهم الحياة الدنيا" أي دعهم وأعرض عنهم وأمهلهم قليلا فإنهم صائرون إلى عذاب عظيم ولهذا قال وذكر به أي ذكر الناس بهذا القرآن وحذرهم نقمة الله وعذابه الأليم يوم القيامة وقوله تعالى "أن تبسل نفس بما كسبت" أي لئلا تبسل قال الضحاك عن ابن عباس ومجاهد وعكرمة والحسن والسدي تبسل تسلم وقال الوالبى عن ابن عباس تفتضح. وقال قتادة تحبس وقال مرة وابن زيد تؤاخذ. وقال الكلبي تجزى وكل هذه الأقوال والعبارات متقاربة في المعنى وحاصلها الإسلام للهلكة والحبس عن الخير والارتهان عن درك المطلوب كقوله "كل نفس بما كسبت رهينة إلا أصحاب اليمين" وقوله "ليس لها من دون الله ولي ولا شفيع" أي لا قريب ولا أحد يشفع فيها كقوله "من قبل أن يأتي يوم لا بيع فيه ولا خلة ولا شفاعة والكافرون هم الظالمون" وقوله "وإن تعدل كل عدل لا يؤخذ منها" أي ولو بذلت كل مبذول ما قبل منها كقوله "إن الذين كفروا وماتوا وهم كفار فلن يقبل من أحدهم ملء الأرض ذهبا" الآية. وكذا قال ههنا "أولئك الذين أبسلوا بما كسبوا لهم شراب من حميم وعذاب أليم بما كانوا يكفرون".

وَذَرِ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُواْ دِينَهُمْ لَعِباً وَلَهْواً وَغَرَّتْهُمُ الْحَيَوةُ الدُّنْيَا

(And leave alone those who take their religion as play and amusement, and are deceived by the life of this world.) The Ayah commands to leave such people, ignore them and give them respite, for soon, they will taste a tremendous torment. This is why Allah said,

وَذَكِّرْ بِهِ

(But remind with it) meaning, remind the people with this Qur'an and warn them against Allah's revenge and painful torment on the Day of Resurrection. Allah said;

أَن تُبْسَلَ نَفْسٌ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ

(lest a soul Tubsal for that which one has earned,) meaning, so that it is not Tubsal. Ad-Dahhak from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi said that Tubsal means, be submissive. Al-Walibi said that Ibn `Abbas said that Tubsal means, `be exposed'. Qatadah said that Tubsal means, `be prevented', Murrah and Ibn Zayd said that it means, `be recompensed', Al-Kalbi said, `be reckoned'. All these statements and expressions are similar, for they all mean exposure to destruction, being kept away from all that is good, and being restrained from attaining what is desired. Allah also said;

كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ - إِلاَّ أَصْحَـبَ الْيَمِينِ

(Every person is restrained by what he has earned. Except those on the Right.) 74:38-39, and

لَيْسَ لَهَا مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِىٌّ وَلاَ شَفِيعٌ

(when he will find for himself no protector or intercessor besides Allah,) and,

وَإِن تَعْدِلْ كُلَّ عَدْلٍ لاَّ يُؤْخَذْ مِنْهَآ

(and even if he offers every ransom, it will not be accepted from him.) meaning, whatever the ransom such people offer, it will not be accepted from them. Allah said in a similar statement,

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ فَلَن يُقْبَلَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِم مِّلْءُ الاٌّرْضِ ذَهَبًا

(Verily, those who disbelieved, and died while they were disbelievers, the (whole) earth full of gold will not be accepted from anyone of them.) 3:91 Allah said here,

أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ أُبْسِلُواْ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْفُرُونَ

(Such are they who are given up to destruction because of that which they have earned. For them will be a drink of boiling water and a painful torment because they used to disbelieve. )

And forsake leave alone those who take their religion with which they have been charged as a game and a diversion making a mockery of it and whom the life of this world has deluded and so do not interfere with them — this was revealed before the command to fight them. Remind admonish people thereby by the Qur’ān lest a soul perish lest it be given up for destruction for what it has earned what it has done; it has no protector no helper besides God other than Him and no intercessor to ward off the chastisement from it; and though it offer every compensation though it pay every ransom it shall not be accepted from it that which it offers as ransom. Those are the ones who perish by what they have earned; for them shall be a draught of boiling water and a painful chastisement because they disbelieved that is for their unbelief.

In the third verse (70), nearly the same subject has been stressed upon in the following words: وَذَرِ‌ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا دِينَهُمْ لَعِبًا وَلَهْوًا (And avoid those who have taken their faith as game and play ...). The word: ذر (dhar) here is a derivation from: وَذَرِ‌ (wadhara) which means being displeased with something and leaving it. Thus, the verse can be taken either in the sense of leaving people who have turned the true religion, that is, Islam which has been sent for them, into a plaything and a laughing stock; or in the sense that they have left their real faith and taken to fun and play as their very own religion and purpose of life. The outcome of both meanings is nearly the same.

After that, it was said: وَغَرَّ‌تْهُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا that is, the transitory life of the present world has deceived them. This is a true diagnosis of their real problem. They are so disobedient and wicked because they are be-witched by the glamour of their mortal life totally forgetting that they have another state of life ahead of them. If they had believed in the 'Akhirah (Hereafter) and Qiyamah (The Last Day), they would have never acted so recklessly.

In this verse, the Holy Prophet ﷺ and Muslims at large have been given two orders that they should not only avoid the people identified, but that they should also act positively and continue preaching through the Qur'an and keep putting the fear of Allah's punishment in their hearts.

The detail of this punishment was pointed out at the end of the verse by saying that, should they continue doing what they were doing, they are bound to fall a victim to their own evil conduct. The word used at this place is: تُبسَلَ which means to be detained or be entrapped.

Since man in this world is accustomed to rely on three kinds of sources to escape the punishment of his own error or injustice inflicted on someone. When convenient, he would use the power and influence of his party or group to stay safe against the consequences of his injustice. Then, should he become helpless, he would use recommendations from the influential people. When that too does not work, he would try to secure his freedom from punishment by spending money.

Allah Ta` ala says in this verse that His criminal cannot be saved from punishment by any friend or relative, nor can an intercession by anyone succeed without the permission of Allah, nor can wealth of any kind be accepted - even if the criminal were to possess the wealth of the whole world and wished to give it all in exchange for his freedom from punishment, even then this fidyah will not be accepted from him.

Finally, at the close of the verse, it was said: أُولَـٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ أُبْسِلُوا بِمَا كَسَبُوا ۖ لَهُمْ شَرَ‌ابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُ‌ونَ ﴿70﴾ that is, these are the people who have been detained in the punishment of their evil deeds. They will have boiling water to drink in the Jahannam about which it has been said in an-other verse that it will shatter their entrails apart (47:15) and that there will be painful punishments other than that of the boiling water in return for their disbelief and denial.

This verse also tells us that the very company of people who are heedless to the 'Akhirah and are content with their life in the mortal world is fatal for everyone. Its ultimate consequence is that whoever sits in their company shall be subject to the same punishment in which they have been caught up.

The essential objective in these three verses (68-70) is to save Muslims from evil environment and bad company which can be as deadly as poison. Many clear, definite and conclusive statements (Nusus) of the Qur'an and Hadith as well as repeated observation and experience prove that the root of all evils and crimes in which human beings get involved is the evil society and environment in which they grow up. Once snared into it, one slides into evils against personal grain and conscience. Then, comes the stage when, once habituated, the sense of evil dies away - reaching the limit when one starts taking evil as good and good as evil. In al Hadith, the Holy Prophet ﷺ ۔ is reported to have said: When a person gets involved in a sin for the first time, there appears a dot on his heart. This is like a black dot on a white dress which everyone dislikes and gets disturbed with. So, this person too feels the distaste in his heart. But when he, after having done the first one, goes on doing the second and the third sin - and does not re-pent from the past sin - black dots, one after the other, keep appearing on the heart, so much so that the radiant tablet of the heart turns jet black. The outcome is that this person is deprived of the very ability to distinguish between good and bad. The Holy Qur'an identifies it with the word: "ra'n" (rust, stain) when it says: كَلَّا ۖ بَلْ ۜ رَ‌انَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِم مَّا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ ﴿14﴾(83:14), that is, there is rust on their hearts because of their evil deeds (which has taken away their ability to receive good).

When you come to think of it, wrong environment and bad company really hurt all human beings. They push people into the abyss. May Allah keep all of us protected from them. Therefore, everyone who is responsible for raising children must do their best to keep children safe from such society and environment.

As for the next three verses (71-73), they too deal with the refutation of Shirk (the attribution of partners to Allah) and the affirmation of Tauhid (the Oneness of Allah) and 'Akhirah (the Hereafter, the life to come) as fairly evident from the translation itself.