6:160 Al-An'aam (The Cattle)

ثم ذكر صفة الجزاء فقال: { مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ } القولية والفعلية، الظاهرة والباطنة، المتعلقة بحق الله أو حق خلقه { فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا } هذا أقل ما يكون من التضعيف. { وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجْزَى إِلَّا مِثْلَهَا } وهذا من تمام عدله تعالى وإحسانه، وأنه لا يظلم مثقال ذرة، ولهذا قال: { وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ }

وهذه الآية الكريمة مفصلة لما أجمل في الآية الأخرى وهي قوله "من جاء بالحسنة فله خير منها" وقد وردت الأحاديث مطابقة لهذه الآية كما قال الإمام أحمد بن حنبل رحمه الله حدثنا عفان حدثنا جعفر بن سليمان حدثنا الجعد أبو عثمان عن أبي رجاء العطاردي عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال فيما يروي عن ربه تبارك وتعالى إن ربكم عز وجل رحيم من هم بحسنة فلم يعملها كتبت له حسنة فإن عملها كتبت له عشرا إلى سبعمائة إلى أضعاف كثيرة. ومن هم بسيئة فلم يعملها كتبت له حسنة فإن عملها كتبت له واحدة أو يمحوها الله عز وجل ولا يهلك على الله إلا هالك.ورواه البخاري ومسلم والنسائي من حديث الجعد أبي عثمان به. وقال أحمد أيضا حدثنا أبو معاوية حدثنا الأعمش عن المعرور بن سويد عن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم يقول الله عز وجل من عمل حسنة فله عشر أمثالها وأزيد ومن عمل سيئة فجزاؤها مثلها أو أغفر ومن عمل قراب الأرض خطيئة ثم لقيني لا يشرك بي شيئا جعلت له مثلها مغفرة ومن اقترب إلي شبرا اقتربت إليه ذراعا ومن اقترب إلي ذراعا اقتربت إليه باعا ومن أتاني يمشي أتيته هرولة ورواه مسلم عن أبي كريب عن أبي معاوية وعن أبي بكر بن أبي شيبة عن وكيع عن الأعمش به ورواه ابن ماجه عن علي بن محمد الطنافسي عن وكيع به. وقال الحافظ أبو يعلى الموصلي حدثنا شيبان حدثنا حماد حدثنا ثابت عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال من هم بحسنة فلم يعملها كتبت له حسنة فان عملها كتبت له عشرا ومن هم بسيئة فلم يعملها لم يكتب عليه شيء فإن عملها كتبت عليه سيئة واحدة واعلم أن تارك السيئة الذي لا يعملها على ثلاثة أقسام تارة يتركها لله فهذا تكتب له حسنة على كفه عنها لله تعالى وهذا عمل ونية ولهذا جاء أنه يكتب له حسنة كما جاء في بعض ألفاظ الصحيح فإنما تركها من جرائي أي من أجلي وتارة يتركها نسيانا وذهولا عنها فهذا لا له ولا عليه لأنه لم ينو خيرا ولا فعل شرا وتارة يتركها عجزا وكسلا عنها بعد السعي في أسبابها والتلبس بما يقرب منها فهذا بمنزلة فاعلها كما جاء في الحديث الصحيح عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال إذا التقى المسلمان بسيفيهما فالقاتل والمقتول في النار قالوا يا رسول الله هذا القاتل فما بال المقتول ؟ قال إنه كان حريصا على قتل صاحبه.وقال الإمام أبو يعلى الموصلي حدثنا مجاهد بن موسى حدثنا علي وحدثنا الحسن بن الصباح وأبو خيثمة قالا حدثنا إسحاق بن سليمان كلاهما عن موسى بن عبيدة عن أبي بكر بن عبيد الله بن أنس عن جده أنس. قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من هم بحسنة كتب الله له حسنة فإن عملها كتبت له عشرا ومن هم بسيئة لم تكتب عليه حتى يعملها فإن عملها كتبت عليه سيئة فإن تركها كتبت له حسنة يقول الله تعالى إنما تركها من مخافتي هذا لفظ حديث مجاهد يعني ابن موسى وقال الإمام أحمد حدثنا عبد الرحمن بن مهدي حدثنا شيبان بن عبد الرحمن عن الركين بن الربيع عن أبيه عن عمه فلان بن عميلة عن خريم بن فاتك الأسدي أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال إن الناس أربعة والأعمال ستة فالناس موسع له في الدنيا والآخرة وموسع له في الدنيا مقتور عليه في الأخرة ومقتور عليه في الدنيا موسع له في الآخرة وشقي في الدنيا والآخرة والأعمال موجبتان ومثل بمثل وعشرة أضعاف وسبعمائة ضعف فالموجبتان من مات مسلما مؤمنا لا يشرك بالله شيئا وجبت له الجنة ومن مات كافرا وجبت له النار ومن هم بحسنة فلم يعملها فعلم الله أنه قد أشعرها قلبه وحرص عليها كتبت له حسنة ومن هم بسيئة لم تكتب عليه ومن عملها كتبت واحدة ولم تضاعف عليه ومن عمل حسنة كانت عليه بعشر أمثالها ومن أنفق نفقة فى سبيل الله عز وجل كانت بسبعمائة ضعف.ورواه الترمذي والنسائي من حديث الركين بن الربيع عن أبيه عن بشير بن عميلة عن خريم بن فاتك به ببعضه والله أعلم وقال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا أبو زرعة حدثنا عبيد الله بن عمر القواريري حدثنا يزيد بن زريع حدثنا حبيب بن المعلم عن عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال يحضر الجمعة ثلاثة نفر رجل حضرها بلغو فهو حظه منها ورجل حضرها بدعاء فهو رجل دعا الله فإن شاء أعطاه وإن شاء منعه ورجل حضرها بإنصات وسكون ولم يتخط رقبة مسلم ولم يؤذ أحدا فهي كفارة له إلى الجمعة التي تليها وزيادة ثلاثة أيام وذلك لأن الله عز وجل يقول "من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها" وقال الحافظ أبو القاسم الطبراني حدثنا هاشم بن مرثد حدثنا محمد بن إسماعيل حدثني أبي حدثني ضمضم بن زرعة عن شريح بن عبيد عن أبي مالك الأشعري قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الجمعة كفارة لما بينها وبين الجمعة التي تليها وزيادة ثلاثة أيام. وذلك لأن الله تعالى قال "من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها" وعن أبي ذر رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم من صام ثلاثة أيام من كل شهر فقد صام الدهر كله.رواه الإمام أحمد وهذا لفظه والنسائي وابن ماجه والترمذي وزاد: فأنزل الله تصديق ذلك فى كتابه "من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها" اليوم بعشرة أيام.ثم قال هذا حديث حسن. وقال ابن مسعود "من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها" من جاء بلا إله إلا الله ومن جاء بالسيئة يقول بالشرك. وهكذا جاء عن جماعة من السلف رضي الله عنهم أجمعين وقد ورد فيه حديث مرفوع الله أعلم بصحته لكني لم أروه من وجه يثبت والأحاديث و الآثار في هذا كثير جدا وفيما ذكر كفاية إن شاء الله وبه الثقة.

The Good Deed is Multiplied Tenfold, While the Sin is Recompensed with the Same

This Ayah explains the general Ayah;

مَن جَآءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِّنْهَا

(Whoever comes with good, then he will receive better than that.)28:84 There are several Hadiths that are in agreement with the apparent wording of this honorable Ayah. Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about his Lord,

«إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ رَحِيمٌ مَنْ هَمَّ بِحَسَنَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةً فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ عَشْرًا إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةٍ إِلَى أَضْعَافٍ كَثِيرَةٍ. وَمَنْ هَمَّ بِسَيِّئَةٍ فَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةً فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كُتِبَتْ لَهُ وَاحِدَةً أَوْ يَمْحُوهَا اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَلَا يَهْلِكُ عَلَى اللهِ إِلَّا هَالِك»

(Your Lord is Most Merciful. Whoever intends to perform a good deed and does not do it, it will be written for him as a good deed. If he performs it, it will be written for him as ten deeds, to seven hundred, to multifold. Whoever intends to commit an evil deed, but does not do it, it will be written for him as a good deed. If he commits it, it will be written for him as a sin, unless Allah erases it. Only those who deserve destruction will be destroyed by Allah.) Al-Bukhari, Muslim and An-Nasa'i also recorded this Hadith. Ahmad also recorded that Abu Dharr said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,

«يَقُولُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:مَنْ عَمِلَ حَسَنَةً فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا وَأَزِيدُ وَمَنْ عَمِلَ سَيِّئَةً فَجَزَاؤُهَا مِثْلُهَا أَوْ أَغْفِرُ وَمَنْ عَمِلَ قُرَابَ الْأَرْضِ خَطِيئَةً ثُمَّ لَقِيَنِي لَا يُشْرِكُ بِي شَيْئًا جَعَلْتُ لَهُ مِثْلَهَا مَغْفِرَةً، وَمَنِ اقْتَرَبَ إِليَّ شِبْرًا اقْتَرَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ذِرَاعًا وَمَنِ اقْتَرَبَ إِلَيَّ ذِرَاعًا اقْتَرَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ بَاعًا وَمَنْ أَتَانِي يَمْشِي أَتَيْتُهُ هَرْوَلَة»

(Allah says, `Whoever performs a good deed, will have tenfold for it and more. Whoever commits a sin, then his recompense will be the same, unless I forgive. Whoever commits the earth's fill of sins and then meets Me while associating none with Me, I will give him its fill of forgiveness. Whoever draws closer to Me by a hand's span, I will draw closer to him by a forearm's length. Whoever draws closer to Me by a forearm's length, I will draw closer to him by an arm's length. And whoever comes to Me walking, I will come to him running.') Muslim also collected this Hadith. Know that there are three types of people who refrain from committing a sin that they intended. There are those who refrain from committing the sin because they fear Allah, and thus will have written for them a good deed as a reward. This type contains both a good intention and a good deed. In some narrations of the Sahih, Allah says about this type, "He has left the sin for My sake." Another type does not commit the sin because of forgetfulness or being busy attending to other affairs. This type of person will neither earn a sin, nor a reward. The reason being that, this person did not intend to do good, nor commit evil. Some people abandon the sin because they were unable to commit it or due to laziness, after trying to commit it and seeking the means that help commit it. This person is just like the person who commits the sin. There is an authentic Hadith that states,

«إِذَا الْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمَانِ بِسَيْفَيْهِمَا فَالْقَاتِلُ وَالْمَقْتُولُ فِي النَّار»

(When two Muslims meet with their swords, then the killer and the killed will be in the Fire.) They said, "O Allah's Messenger! We know about the killer, so what about the killed" He said,

«إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَرِيصًا عَلَى قَتْلِ صَاحِبِه»

(He was eager to kill his companion.) Al-Hafiz Abu Al-Qasim At-Tabarani said that Abu Malik Al-Ash`ari said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,

«الْجُمُعَةُ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا وَزِيَادَةُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، وَذَلِكَ لأَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ:

مَن جَآءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا

»

(Friday (prayer) to the next Friday (preayer), plus three more days, erase whatever was committed (of sins) between them. This is because Allah says: Whoever brings a good deed shall have ten times the like thereof to his credit) Abu Dharr narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,

«مَنْ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ فَقَدْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّه»

(Whoever fasts three days every month, will have fasted all the time.) Ahmad, An-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah recorded this Hadith, and this is Ahmad's wording. At-Tirmidhi also recorded it with this addition;

«فأنزل الله تصديق ذلك في كتابه»

(So Allah sent down affirmation of this statement in His Book, )

مَن جَآءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا

(Whoever brings a good deed shall have ten times the like thereof to his credit,)

«اليوم بعشرة أيام»

(Therefore, a day earns ten days.) At-Tirmidhi said; "This Hadith is Hasan". There are many other Hadiths and statements on this subject, but what we mentioned should be sufficient, Allah willing, and our trust is in Him.

Whoever brings a good deed that is the affirmation of ‘there is no god but God’ shall receive tenfold the like of it that is the reward for ten good deeds and whoever brings an evil deed shall only be requited the like of it that is its appropriate requital; and they shall not be wronged nothing shall be diminished from their just requital.

Said in the second (160) verse is: مَن جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ‌ أَمْثَالِهَا ۖ وَمَن جَاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجْزَىٰ إِلَّا مِثْلَهَا وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ ﴿160﴾ (Whoever comes with a good deed, receives ten times as much, and whoever comes with an evil deed, he will not be recompensed by anything but its equal, and they shall not be wronged).

Stated in the previous verse (159) was that the punishment for the evil deeds of those who turn away from the straight path rested with Allah alone.

In the present verse, the generous procedure of reward and punishment in the Hereafter has been described by saying that a person who does one good deed will get ten times more in return - and a person who commits one sin, the return for him will be equal to that of one sin.

As reported in the Sahih of Al-Bukhari and Muslim and in Nasa'i and the Musnad of Ahmad, the Holy Prophet ﷺ said: Most Exalted and Very Merciful is your Rabb. A person who intends to do a good deed has one good recorded in his Book of Deeds - even if he does not get around to do it. Following that, when he gets to do that good deed, ten good deeds are recorded in his Book of Deeds. And if a person intends to do a sin, then stays back and does not do it, still a good is recorded for him - and if he were to actually commit a sin, still what he gets registered in his name is one sin, or that too is erased. With this showering of grace and mercy in the presence of Allah, who can apprehend total destruction? Unless, of course, there be that rare person who is determined to be destroyed. (Ibn Kathir)

In a Hadith Qudsi narrated by Sayyidna Abu Dharr ؓ it is said:

` A person who does one good deed gets the reward of ten, even more - and a person who commits one sin will get its punishment equal to one sin only, or I shall forgive even that. And a person who comes to Me with sins which would fill the whole earth, and still seeks forgiveness, I shall treat him with matching forgiveness. And a person who comes closer towards Me to the measure of one hand finger-span, I step one hand-span towards him. And a person who steps one hand-span toward Me, I come towards him by the measure of one Ba' (the stretch of both hands). And the person who comes walking towards Me, towards him I come running.'

From these Hadith narrations, we can see that the increase of ten times for one good deed as mentioned in this verse is actually a description of its base limit - and Allah Ta` ala, in His mercy and generosity, may give even more than that, and shall give, as proved by other narrations which place it upto the level of seventy times or seven hundred times.

In the words of the verse, it is noteworthy that the expression used جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ (` comes with a good deed' ) and not: عَمِلَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ (does a good deed). According to Tafsir Al-Bahr Al-Muhit, this indicates that such reward or punishment will not be awarded just on having done something good or bad. Instead of that, the condition is that to deserve reward or punishment, a good or bad deed must survive as such until the time of death. The outcome is that a person who has done a good deed, but it gets destroyed because of the misfortune of some sin, then, he no longer remains deserving of reward against this deed. An example of it is, God forbid, that of Shirk and Kufr which, in fact, destroy all good deeds. In addition to that there are many other sins which make some good deeds turn false and ineffectual - as it appears in the Holy Qur'an: لَا تُبْطِلُوا صَدَقَاتِكُم بِالْمَنِّ وَالْأَذَىٰ (do not nullify your charities by boasting about favour, and teasing -2:264).

This tells us that the good deed of charity (sadaqah) gets nullified and wasted by boasting about the favour done or by causing hurt through teasing and underrating the recipient. Similarly, it appears in Hadith that sitting in the Masjid and talking about worldly things eats up good deeds as fire eats up the wood. This tells us that good deeds, such as, Nafl, Tasbih and Dhikr, go to waste by indulging in mundane conversation.

Similar is the case of evil deeds which, if repented from, become the cause of the sin being erased from the Book of Deeds - it does not keep sticking to a person until the time of death. Therefore, not said in the verse was something like: ` does any deed, good or bad, for which there will be punishment or reward.' Instead, what was said, in effect, was: Whoever brings to Us a good deed will get a reward ten times as much and whoever brings to Us an evil deed, then, it will be only one deed he will be punished for. The point is that this act of bringing to Allah Ta` ala can become possible only when this deed remains intact and unharmed right through the end. The crucial thing is that it survives, that nothing happens in between which will cause the good deed to be spoiled or wasted - and of course, the method is to keep repenting and seeking the forgiveness of Allah Ta` ala from falling into any evil deed.

At the end of the verse, it was said: وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ (and they shall not be wronged). It means that this is no human court. This is the Highest of the high. No probability of any injustice to anyone exists there, nor can there be a decrease in the return for someone's good deed, nor is there any possibility of an increase in the punishment for someone's evil deed.

Whoso brings a beautiful deed shall have ten the like of it, and whoso brings an ugly deed shall be recompensed only with its like. The former will be bounty and the latter justice. O Lord, if You show bounty, Your bounty has no limit, and if You show justice, Your justice cannot be rejected. If You show bounty, let others be just or unjust! If You show justice, others' bounty is like the wind. If You show bounty, bounty is appropriate for You. If You show justice, not increasing is appropriate for You. Part of His bounty is that one beautiful deed of the servant becomes ten, and by His bounty, ugly deeds change into beautiful deeds. God says, “Those-God shall change their ugly deeds into beautiful deeds” [25:70]. Abū Dharr narrates: “I said, 'O Messenger of God, teach me a deed that will bring me near to the Garden and keep me far from the Fire.' “He said, 'When you do an ugly deed, follow it with a beautiful deed.'” “I said, 'Is “There is no god but God” one of the beautiful deeds?' “He said, 'It is the most beautiful of the beautiful deeds.'' The beautiful deeds of the worshipers are one thing, the beautiful deeds of the recognizers something else. The worshipers are in the station of service, but the recognizers are on the carpet of witnessing in the station of nearness and the intimacy of contemplation. Each one's beautiful deeds are in the measure of his traveling. The beautiful deeds of the re- nunciants are an aspiration greater than this world, the beautiful deeds of the desirers are an object of desire greater than the afterworld, the beautiful deeds of the sincerely truthful are a yearning to see the Patron. The renunciants have service according to the Sunnah, the desirers have recogni- tion in contemplation, the sincerely truthful have laudation in the Reality. This is the end of the traveling of the wayfarers, the final goal of the levels of the sincerely truthful, and the beginning of the Real's attraction. MuṣṬafā was in this station when he opened the tongue of laudation and said in the attribute of confoundedness, “I do not number Thy laudations-Thou art as Thou hast lauded Thyself.”