57:22 Al-Hadid (The Iron)

يقول تعالى مخبرا عن عموم قضائه وقدره: { مَا أَصَابَ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ } وهذا شامل لعموم المصائب التي تصيب الخلق، من خير وشر، فكلها قد كتبت في اللوح المحفوظ، صغيرها وكبيرها، وهذا أمر عظيم لا تحيط به العقول، بل تذهل عنده أفئدة أولي الألباب، ولكنه على الله يسير، وأخبر الله عباده بذلك لأجل أن تتقرر هذه القاعدة عندهم، ويبنوا عليها ما أصابهم من الخير والشر،

يخبر تعالى عن قدره السابق في خلقه قبل أن يبرأ البرية فقال "ما أصاب من مصيبة في الأرض ولا في أنفسكم" أي في الآفاق وفي نفوسكم" إلا في كتاب من قبل أن نبرأها" أى من قبل أن نخلق الخليقه ونبرأ النسمة وقال بعضهم" من قبل أن نبرأها " عائد على النفوس وقيل عائد على المصيبة والأحسن عوده على الخليقة والبرية لدلالة الكلام عليها. كما قال ابن جرير حدثني يعقوب حدثنا ابن علية عن منصور بن عبدالرحمن قال كنت جالسا مع الحسن فقال رجل سله عن قوله تعالى "ما أصاب من مصيبة في الأرض ولا في أنفسكم إلا في كتاب من قبل أن نبرأها" فسألته عنها فقال سبحان الله ومن يشك في هذا؟ كل مصيبة بين السماء والأرض ففي كتاب الله من قبل أن يبرأ النسمة وقال قتادة:"ما أصاب من مصيبة في الأرض" قال هي السنون يعني الجدب "ولا في أنفسكم" يقول الأوجاع والأمراض قال وبلغنا أنه ليس أحد يصيبه خدش عود ولا نكبة قدم ولا خلجان عرق إلا بذنب وما يعفو الله عنه أكثر. وهذه الآية الكريمة العظيمة من أدل دليل على القدرية نفاة العلم السابق - قبحهم الله - وقال الإمام أحمد حدثنا أبو عبدالرحمن حدثنا حيوة وابن لهيعة قالا أخبرنا أبو هانىء الخولاني أنه سمع أبا عبدالرحمن الحبلي يقول: سمعت عبدالله بن عمرو بن العاص يقول: سمعت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول "قدر الله المقادير قبل أن يخلق السموات والأرض بخمسين ألف سنة" ورواه مسلم في صحيحه من حديث عبدالله بن وهب وحيوة بن شريح ونافع بن زيد وثلاثتهم عن أبي هانىء به وزاد ابن وهب "وكان عرشه على الماء" ورواه الترمذي وقال حسن صحيح. وقوله تعالى"إن ذلك على الله يسير" أي أن علمه تعالى الأشياء قبل كونها وكتابته لها طبق ما يوجد في حينها سهل على الله عز وجل لأنه يعلم ما كان وما يكون وما لم يكن لو كان كيف كان يكون.

Everything that affects Mankind, is duly measured and destined

Allah reminds of His measuring and deciding the destiny of all things before He created the creation,

مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ

(No calamity occurs on the earth nor in yourselves) meaning, `there is nothing that touches you or happens in existence,'

إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَأَهَآ

(but it is inscribed in the Book of Decrees before We bring it into existence.) meaning, `before We created the creation and started life.' Qatadah commented on this Ayah,

مَآ أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِى الاٌّرْضِ

(No calamity occurs on the earth) refers to famine, while,

وَلاَ فِى أَنفُسِكُمْ

(or nor in yourselves) refers to suffering and diseases." He also said, "We were told that every person who suffers a prick of a thorn, a twisted ankle, or a bleeding vein, has it occur on account of his sins. What Allah forgives is even more." This great, honorable Ayah provides clear evidence to the misguidance of the cursed Qadariyyah sect, who deny Allah's Preordaihnent and His knowledge of everything before it occurs. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say,

«قَدَّرَ اللهُ الْمَقَادِيرَ قَبلَ أَنْ يَخْلُقَ السَّموَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِخَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَة»

(Allah ordained the measures (of everything) fifty thousand years before He created the heavens and the earth.)" Muslim collected this Hadith in his Sahih with the addition:

«وَكَانَ عَرْشُهُ عَلَى الْمَاء»

(And His Throne was over the water.) At-Tirmidhi also collected it and said, "Hasan Sahih." Allah's statement,

إِنَّ ذلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ

(Verily, that is easy for Allah.) means that He knows all things before they occur, and He records them exactly as they will occur when they occur, and this is easy for Him. Verily, Allah knows what happened, what will happen and what did not happen, and what shape and form it will take if it were to happen.

Ordering Patience and Gratitude

Allah said,

لِّكَيْلاَ تَأْسَوْاْ عَلَى مَا فَاتَكُمْ وَلاَ تَفْرَحُواْ بِمَآ ءَاتَـكُمْ

(In order that you may not grieve at the things over that you fail to get, nor rejoice over that which has been given to you.) meaning, `We informed you of Our encompassing knowledge, recording all things before they occur and creating all things in due measure known to Us, so that you may know that what has met you would never have missed you and what has missed you would never have met you. Therefore, do not grieve for what you have missed of fortune, because had it been destined for you, you would have achieved it.' (It is also recited:) (وَلَا تَفْرَحُوْا بِمَا أَتَاكُمْ) (nor rejoice over that which came to you) meaning, come to you. According to the recitation,

ءَاتَـكُمُ

it means (which has been given to you.) Both meanings are related. Allah says here, `do not boast before people about what Allah has favored you with, because it is not you who earned it by your efforts. Rather, all this came your way because Allah destined them for you and provided them for you as provisions. Therefore, do not use what Allah has granted you as a reason to boast and become arrogant with others.' Allah's statement,

وَاللَّهُ لاَ يُحِبُّ كُلَّ مُخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ

(And Allah likes not prideful boasters.) meaning, who acts arrogantly with other people. `Ikrimah commented by saying, "Everyone of us feels happiness and grief. However, make your joy with gratitude and endure your grief with patience."

Censuring the Stinginess

Allah the Exalted then said,

الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ وَيَأْمُرُونَ النَّاسَ بِالْبُخْلِ

(Those who are misers and enjoin miserliness upon people.) meaning those who commit evil and encourage people to commit it,

وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ

(And whosoever turns away,) from abiding by Allah's commandments and obeying Him,

فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْغَنِىُّ الْحَمِيدُ

(then Allah is Rich, Worthy of all praise.) As Musa, peace be upon him, said,

إِن تَكْفُرُواْ أَنتُمْ وَمَن فِى الاٌّرْضِ جَمِيعًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ حَمِيدٌ

(If you disbelieve, you and all on earth together, then verily, Allah is Rich, Owner of all praise.)(14:8)

No affliction befalls in the earth by way of drought for example or in yourselves such as illness or the loss of a child but it is in a Book meaning the Preserved Tablet al-lawh al-mahfūz before We bring it about before We create it — the same is said to be true of God’s graces — that is indeed easy for God

Factors affecting Mankind are duly measured and destined

There are two sets of factors that make man unmindful of Allah and the Hereafter: [ 1] wealth, comfort and other luxuries of this world; one's over-involvement in such luxuries makes him neglectful of Allah. The previous verses have warned against it. [ 2] calamities, problems and other hardships that cause one to be hopeless and in turn neglectful towards Allah. The current set of verses deal with this second cause of negligence.

مَا أَصَابَ مِن مُّصِيبَةٍ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ وَلَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمْ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مِّن قَبْلِ أَن نَّبْرَ‌أَهَا (No calamity befalls the earth or your own selves, but it is [ pre-destined ] in a Book before We bring it into being ....57:22) The expression 'Book' refers to 'Preserved Tablet [ lawh mahfuz ] and the verse means that Allah had measured and decided the destiny of all things even before He created them. The expression 'No affliction befalls in the earth' refers to famine, earthquake, destruction of crops, loss in business, loss of wealth and property and loss of friends and loved ones. The expression 'in yourselves' refers to illnesses of all sorts, all kinds of wounds, hurt and injury.