47:35 Muhammad (Muhammad)

{ فَلَا تَهِنُوا } أي: لا تضعفوا عن قتال عدوكم، ويستولي عليكم الخوف، بل اصبروا واثبتوا، ووطنوا أنفسكم على القتال والجلاد، طلبا لمرضاة ربكم، ونصحا للإسلام، وإغضابا للشيطان.ولا تدعوا إلى المسالمة والمتاركة بينكم وبين أعدائكم، طلبا للراحة، { و } الحال أنكم { أنتم الْأَعْلَوْنَ وَاللَّهُ مَعَكُمْ وَلَنْ يَتِرَكُمْ } أي: ينقصكم { أَعْمَالُكُم } فهذه الأمور الثلاثة، كل منها مقتض للصبر وعدم الوهن كونهم الأعلين، أي: قد توفرت لهم أسباب النصر، ووعدوا من الله بالوعد الصادق، فإن الإنسان، لا يهن إلا إذا كان أذل من غيره وأضعف عددا، وعددا، وقوة داخلية وخارجية.الثاني: أن الله معهم، فإنهم مؤمنون، والله مع المؤمنين، بالعون، والنصر، والتأييد، وذلك موجب لقوة قلوبهم، وإقدامهم على عدوهم.الثالث: أن الله لا ينقصهم من أعمالهم شيئا، بل سيوفيهم أجورهم، ويزيدهم من فضله، خصوصا عبادة الجهاد، فإن النفقة تضاعف فيه، إلى سبع مائة ضعف، إلى أضعاف كثيرة، وقال تعالى: { ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا مَخْمَصَةٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَئُونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ الْكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنْ عَدُوٍّ نَيْلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ بِهِ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَ نَفَقَةً صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً وَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ لِيَجْزِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ } فإذا عرف الإنسان أن الله تعالى لا يضيع عمله وجهاده، أوجب له ذلك النشاط، وبذل الجهد فيما يترتب عليه الأجر والثواب، فكيف إذا اجتمعت هذه الأمور الثلاثة فإن ذلك يوجب النشاط التام، فهذا من ترغيب الله لعباده، وتنشيطهم، وتقوية أنفسهم على ما فيه صلاحهم وفلاحهم.

قال جل وعلا لعباده المؤمنين "فلا تهنوا" أى لا تضعفوا عن الأعداء "وتدعوا إلى السلم" أي المهادنة والمسالمة ووضع القتال بينكم وبين الكفار في حال قوتكم وكثرة عددكم وعدتكم ولهذا قال "فلا تهنوا وتدعوا إلى السلم وأنتم الأعلون" أي في حال علوكم على عدوكم فأما إذا كان الكفار فيهم قوة وكثرة بالنسبة إلى جميع المسلمين ورأى الإمام في المهادنة والمعاهدة مصلحة فله أن يفعل ذلك كما فعل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حين صده كفار قريش عن مكة ودعوه إلى الصلح ووضع الحرب بينهم وبينه عشر سنين فأجابهم صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى ذلك وقوله جلت عظمته "والله معكم" فيه بشارة عظيمة بالنصر والظفر على الأعداء "ولن يتركم أعمالكم" أي ولن يحبطها ويبطلها ويسلبكم إياها بل يوفيكم ثوابها ولا ينقصكم منها شيئا والله أعلم.

Nullifying the Disbelievers' Deeds and the Command to chase Them

Allah then informs about those who disbelieve, obstruct others from the path of Allah, oppose the Messenger and contend with him, and revert from the faith after guidance has become clear to them. He indicates that those people can never harm Allah in the least, and rather they only harm themselves and become losers on the Day of Resurrection. He will nullify their deeds. Allah will not reward them even the weight of a mosquito (i.e., the smallest thing) for any good that they did before their apostasy, but would instead totally invalidate and destroy it. Their apostasy wipes away their good deeds entirely, just as the good deeds would normally wipe away the evil deeds. Imam Ahmad Ibn Nasr Al-Marwazi reported in Kitab As-Salah (the Book of Prayer) that Abu Al-`Aliyah said, "The Prophet's Companions used to think that no sin would harm a person who says `La ilaha illallah,' just as no good deed would benefit a person who joins partners with Allah. So Allah revealed,

أَطِيعُواْ اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ الرَّسُولَ وَلاَ تُبْطِلُواْ أَعْمَـلَكُمْ

(Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and do not invalidate your deeds.) This made them fear that some sins could nullify their deeds." It has also been reported from Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said, "We, the Companions of Allah's Messenger ﷺ, used to think that good deeds would all be accepted, until Allah revealed,

أَطِيعُواْ اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ الرَّسُولَ وَلاَ تُبْطِلُواْ أَعْمَـلَكُمْ

(Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and do not invalidate your deeds. ) So we asked each other: `What is it that can nullify our deeds' So we said, `The major sins, great offenses that require admission into the Fire and immoral sins.' But then Allah revealed,

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ

(Verily, Allah does not forgive joining partners with Him in worship, but He forgives except that to whom He wills.) (4:48) After this was revealed, we ceased saying that. We thereafter continued to fear for those who committed great sins and immoral sins and to have hope for those who did not." Then, Allah commands His believing servants to obey Him and His Messenger , which would result in their happiness in this worldly life and the Hereafter. He also prohibits them from apostasy, because that would result in the nullification of their deeds. Thus He says,

وَلاَ تُبْطِلُواْ أَعْمَـلَكُمْ

(and do not invalidate your deeds.) meaning, by apostasy. Thus, Allah says after this,

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ مَاتُواْ وَهُمْ كُفَّارٌ فَلَن يَغْفِرَ اللَّهُ لَهُمْ

(Verily, those who disbelieved and obstructed others from the path of Allah and then died as disbelievers -- never will Allah forgive them.) This is similar to His saying,

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ

(Verily, Allah does not forgive joining partners with Him in worship, but He forgives except that to whom He wills.) (4:48) Allah then addresses His believing servants by saying,

فَلاَ تَهِنُواْ

(So do not lose heart) meaning, do not be weak concerning the enemies.

وَتَدْعُواْ إِلَى السَّلْمِ

(and beg for peace) meaning, compromise, peace, and ending the fighting between you and the disbelievers while you are in a position of power, both in great numbers and preparations. Thus, Allah says,

فَلاَ تَهِنُواْ وَتَدْعُواْ إِلَى السَّلْمِ وَأَنتُمُ الاٌّعْلَوْنَ

(So do not lose heart and beg for peace while you are superior.) meaning, in the condition of your superiority over your enemy. If, on the other hand, the disbelievers are considered more powerful and numerous than the Muslims, then the Imam (general commander) may decide to hold a treaty if he judges that it entails a benefit for the Muslims. This is like what Allah's Messenger ﷺ did when the disbelievers obstructed him from entering Makkah and offered him treaty in which all fighting would stop between them for ten years. Consequently, he agreed to that. Allah then says:

وَاللَّهُ مَعَكُمْ

(And Allah is with you) This contains the good news of victory and triumph over the enemies.

وَلَن يَتِرَكُمْ أَعْمَـلَكُمْ

(and He will never deprive you of (the reward of) your deeds.) meaning, Allah will never invalidate your deeds, nullify them, or deprive you of them, but rather He will give you your rewards complete, without any reduction." And Allah knows best.

So do not falter do not be weak and do not call for peace read salm or silm that is to say a truce with the disbelievers should you encounter them when you have the upper hand al-a‘lawna the third letter of the triliteral root wāw has been omitted when you are the victors the vanquishers and God is with you helping and assisting and He will not stint you diminish you in the reward for your works that is to say of the reward for them.

فَلَا تَهِنُوا وَتَدْعُوا إِلَى السَّلْمِ (So, do not lose heart, and do not appeal - 47:35". This verse prohibits the Muslims to invite the infidels to enter into peace treaty. But on another occasion in the Qur'an such a treaty is allowed: وَإِن جَنَحُوا لِلسَّلْمِ فَاجْنَحْ لَهَا And if they tilt towards peace, towards it..." (8:61). This verse indicates that if the infidels want peace, it is permissible to enter into peace agreement with them. Therefore, some scholars think that the permission in this verse is conditional upon the assumption that the infidels take initiative for peace negotiations. The current verse prohibits the Muslims from taking initiative for peace. Thus there is no conflict between the two verses. However, the authentic ruling is that it is permissible for Muslims even to take initiative in negotiating peace with the infidels if it could be in the best interest of the Muslims - not by reason of cowardice and involvement in a life of luxury. The Qur’ an by the employment of the imperative sentence fala-tahinu [ do not lose heart ] in this verse indicates that the prohibition is meant for such an appeal for peace that is based on cowardice and escaping from Jihad. In this case too there is no conflict between the two verses, because the direction of tending to peace in verse 9:61 is restricted to a situation where it is based on the interest of the Muslims, and not on cowardice or leisure. Allah knows best.

وَلَن يَتِرَ‌كُمْ أَعْمَالَكُمْ (...and He will never deprive you of your deeds...47:35) It means that Allah will not diminish the reward of the believers. This indicates that if they were to suffer any pain or loss in this world, they wi11 receive a huge reward in the next world. Thus a believer is never unsuccessful even in the face of pain or difficulty.