46:26 Al-Ahqaf (The Dunes)

هذا مع أن الله تعالى قد أدر عليهم النعم العظيمة فلم يشكروه ولا ذكروه ولهذا قال: { وَلَقَدْ مَكَّنَّاهُمْ فِيمَا إِنْ مَكَّنَّاكُمْ فِيهِ } أي: مكناهم في الأرض يتناولون طيباتها ويتمتعون بشهواتهاوعمرناهم عمرا يتذكر فيه من تذكر، ويتعظ فيه المهتدي، أي: ولقد مكنا عادا كما مكناكم يا هؤلاء المخاطبون أي: فلا تحسبوا أن ما مكناكم فيه مختص بكم وأنه سيدفع عنكم من عذاب الله شيئا، بل غيركم أعظم منكم تمكينا فلم تغن عنهم أموالهم ولا أولادهم ولا جنودهم من الله شيئا.{ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعًا وَأَبْصَارًا وَأَفْئِدَةً } أي: لا قصور في أسماعهم ولا أبصارهم ولا أذهانهم حتى يقال إنهم تركوا الحق جهلا منهم وعدم تمكن من العلم به ولا خلل في عقولهم ولكن التوفيق بيد الله. { فَمَا أَغْنَى عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلَا أَبْصَارُهُمْ وَلَا أَفْئِدَتُهُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ } لا قليل ولا كثير، وذلك بسبب أنهم { يَجْحَدُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ } الدالة على توحيده وإفراده بالعبادة.{ وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ } أي: نزل بهم العذاب الذي يكذبون بوقوعه ويستهزئون بالرسل الذين حذروهم منه.

يقول تعالى ولقد مكنا الأمم السالفة في الدنيا من الأموال والأولاد وأعطيناهم منها ما لم نعطكم مثله ولا قريبا منه "وجعلنا لهم سمعا وأبصارا وأفئدة فما أغنى عنهم سمعهم ولا أبصارهم ولا أفئدتهم من شيء إذ كانوا يجحدون بآيات الله وحاق بهم ما كانوا به يستهزئون" أي وأحاط بهم العذاب والنكال الذي كانوا يكذبون به ويستبعدون وقوعه أي فاحذروا أيها المخاطبون أن تكونوا مثلهم فيصيبكم مثل ما أصابهم من العذاب في الدنيا والآخرة.

وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعاً وَأَبْصَـراً وَأَفْئِدَةً فَمَآ أَغْنَى عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلاَ أَبْصَـرُهُمْ وَلاَ أَفْئِدَتُهُمْ مِّن شَىْءٍ إِذْ كَانُواْ يَجْحَدُونَ بِـَايَـتِ اللَّهِ وَحَاقَ بِهم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ

(We also gave them hearing, vision, and hearts. But their hearing, vision, and hearts availed them nothing when they used to deny Allah's signs, and they were completely encircled by that which they used to ridicule!) meaning, they were encircled by the torment and exemplary punishment that they denied and whose occurrence they doubted. This means, you listeners must beware of being like them lest a punishment similar to theirs strikes you in this life and the Hereafter. Allah then says,

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُمْ مِّنَ الْقُرَى

(And indeed We have destroyed towns round about you, ) This is addressed to the people of Makkah. Allah destroyed the nations who disbelieved in the Messengers who lived around Makkah, such as `Ad who were at Al-Ahqaf in Hadramawt near Yemen, Thamud whose dwellings were between Makkah and Ash-Sham (Greater Syria), Saba' who were in Yemen, the people of Madyan who were on the route and passage to Ghazzah (Western Palestine), and the people of Lut who dwelt by the lake (the Dead Sea) which they used to pass by (on the way to Jordan) as well. Allah then says,

وَصَرَّفْنَا الاٌّيَـتِ

(and We have shown (them) the signs in various ways) meaning, `We explained and clarified them.'

لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَفَلَوْلاَ نَصَرَهُمُ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ قُرْبَاناً ءَالِهَةَ

(so that perhaps they might return. As for those whom they had taken for gods besides Allah, as the means of approach to Him, why then did they not aid them) meaning, did they help them when they were in the greatest need for them

بَلْ ضَلُّواْ عَنْهُمْ

(but they vanished completely from them.) Rather, they completely left them alone when they needed them the most.

وَذَلِكَ إِفْكُهُمْ

(And that was their falsehood, ) meaning, their lie.

وَمَا كَانُواْ يَفْتَرُونَ

(and what they were fabricating.) which means that they fabricated lies by taking them as gods, and they lost and failed in their worship of them and their reliance upon them -- and Allah knows best.

And verily We had empowered them in ways in which We have not in is either for negation or extra empowered you O people of Mecca in the way of strength and means and We had vested them with ears and eyes and hearts. But their ears and their eyes and their hearts did not avail them in any way min shay’in min is extra since idh is operated by aghnā ‘avail’ and imbued with the sense of a particle introducing a reason they used to deny the signs of God His clear proofs and they were besieged by there befell them what they used to deride of chastisement.

{ 1} The reference here is to the towns of Thamud and the people of Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) that were in the way of the people of Arabia while they travelled to Syria. The people of ` Ad were in Yemen, towards South from Makkah, while the towns of Thamud and those of Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) were towards North, hence the words, "around you"

Commentary

These verses are to remind the infidels of the severe punishments faced by earlier people who rejected the messengers sent to them. Special reference is made to ` Ad, the people of Sayyidna Hud (علیہ السلام) who has been described as their 'brother', firstly because he belonged to their tribe, and secondly because he was their well-wisher as a brother. Since this nation lived in valleys surrounded by long, curved sand dunes, called in Arabic Ahqaf , special reference is made to these dunes, so that one could find out their places, if he so wishes when traveling to their localities. It is mentioned in verse 22 that they themselves demanded Allah's punishment to be brought upon them. Then verse 24 states that the punishment was sent to them in the form of a cloud that appeared to be benign, and therefore they were happy to see it in the hope that it would bring rain to them, but in fact it contained the divine punishment in the form of a violent wind that destroyed everything, leaving nothing except their empty homes that remained as a sign for those who might learn a lesson. The detailed account of the story of ` Ad and Thamud has already been given in Surah Hud (11:50) for which volume 4, page 643 of this book may be consulted. Mention of these events in these verses is in the form of a brief reference, and in verse 26 the infidels of Makkah are reminded that those nations were much more powerful and well-established than the people of Makkah. Still, their power and strength was of no use to them against Allah's punishment. Moreover, verse 28 points out that the false gods believed by them to be their patrons could not save them from the torment they faced, because they were coined only by their false imagination, having no real existence at all.