43:5 Az-Zukhruf (Ornaments of gold)

{ أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنْكُمُ الذِّكْرَ صَفْحًا } أي: أفنعرض عنكم، ونترك إنزال الذكر إليكم، ونضرب عنكم صفحا، لأجل إعراضكم، وعدم انقيادكم له؟ بل ننزل عليكم الكتاب، ونوضح لكم فيه كل شيء، فإن آمنتم به واهتديتم، فهو من توفيقكم، وإلا قامت عليكم الحجة، وكنتم على بينة من أمركم.

اختلف المفسرون فى معناها فقيل معناها أتحسبون أن نصفح عنكم فلا نعذبكم ولم تفعلوا ما أمرتم به قاله ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما وأبو صالح ومجاهد والسدي واختاره ابن جرير وقال قتادة في قوله تعالى "أفنضرب عنكم الذكر صفحا" والله لو أن هذا القرآن رفع حين ردته أوائل هذه الأمة لهلكوا ولكن الله تعالى عاد بعائدته ورحمته فكرره عليهم ودعاهم إليه عشرين سنة أو ما شاء الله من ذلك وقول قتادة لطيف المعنى جدا وحاصله أنه يقول في معناه أنه تعالى من لطفه ورحمته بخلقه لا يترك دعاءهم إلى الخير وإلى الذكر الحكيم وهو القرآن وإن كانوا مسرفين معرضين عنه بل أمر به ليهتدي به من قدر هدايته وتقوم الحجة على من كتب شقاوته ثم قال جل وعلا مسليا لنبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم في تكذيب من كذبه من قومه وآمرا له بالصبر عليهم.

Which was revealed in Makkah

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful

حـم - تَنزِيلُ الْكِتَـبِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ

(Ha-Mim. By the manifest Book.) means, plain and clear in both wording and meaning, because it was revealed in the language of the Arabs, which is the most eloquent language for communication among people. Allah says:

إِنَّا جَعَلْنَـهُ

(Verily, We have made it) meaning, revealed it,

قُرْءَاناً عَرَبِيّاً

(a Qur'an in Arabic) meaning, in the language of the Arabs, eloquent and clear;

لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ

(that you may be able to understand.) means, that you may understand it and ponder its meanings. This is like the Ayah:

بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِىٍّ مُّبِينٍ

(In the plain Arabic language.) (26:195)

وَإِنَّهُ فِى أُمِّ الْكِتَـبِ لَدَيْنَا لَعَلِىٌّ حَكِيمٌ

(And verily, it is in the Mother of the Book with Us, indeed exalted, full of wisdom.) This explains the high status of the Qur'an among the hosts on high (the angels), so that the people of earth will respect it, venerate it and obey it.

وَأَنَّهُ

(And verily, it) means, the Qur'an,

فِى أُمِّ الْكِتَـبِ

(is in the Mother of the Book) meaning, Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz (the Preserved Tablet). This was the view of Ibn `Abbas and Mujahid.

لَدَيْنَآ

(with Us,) means, in Our presence. This was the view of Qatadah and others.

لَّعَلِّى

(indeed exalted) means, occupying a position of honor and virtue. This was the view of Qatadah.

حَكِيمٌ

(full of wisdom.) means, clear, with no confusion or deviation. All of this indicates its noble status and virtue, as Allah says elsewhere:

إِنَّهُ لَقُرْءَانٌ كَرِيمٌ - فِى كِتَـبٍ مَّكْنُونٍ - لاَّ يَمَسُّهُ إِلاَّ الْمُطَهَّرُونَ - تَنزِيلٌ مِّن رَّبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ

(That (this) is indeed an honorable recitation. In a Book well-guarded. Which none can touch but the pure. A revelation from the Lord of the all that exists.) (56:77-80)

كَلاَّ إِنَّهَا تَذْكِرَةٌ فَمَن شَآءَ ذَكَرَهُ فَى صُحُفٍ مُّكَرَّمَةٍ مَّرْفُوعَةٍ مُّطَهَّرَةٍ بِأَيْدِى سَفَرَةٍ كِرَامٍ بَرَرَةٍ

(Nay, indeed it is an admonition. So whoever wills, let him pay attention to it. (It is) in Records held (greatly) in honor, exalted, purified, in the hands of scribes (angels), honorable and obedient.) (80:11-16)

أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنكُمُ الذِّكْرَ صَفْحاً أَن كُنتُمْ قَوْماً مُّسْرِفِينَ

(Shall We then take away the Reminder (this Qur'an) from you, because you are a people excessive.) means, `do you think that We will forgive you and not punish you, when you do not do as you have been commanded' This was the view of Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, Abu Salih, Mujahid and As-Suddi, and was the view favored by Ibn Jarir.

أَفَنَضْرِبُ عَنكُمُ الذِّكْرَ صَفْحاً

(Shall We then take away the Reminder (this Qur'an) from you,) Qatadah said, "By Allah, if this Qur'an had been taken away when the first generations of this Ummah rejected it, they would have been doomed, but Allah by His mercy persisted in sending it and calling them to it for twenty years, or for as long as He willed." What Qatadah said is very good, and his point is that Allah, by His grace and mercy towards His creation, did not stop calling them to the truth and to the wise Reminder, i.e., the Qur'an, even though they were heedless and turned away from it. Indeed, He sent it so that those who were decreed to be guided might be guided by it, and so that proof might be established against those who were decreed to be.

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.)

Consolation to the Prophet for the Disbelief of Quraysh

Then Allah consoles His Prophet for the disbelief of his people, and commands him to bear it with patience.

وَكَمْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِن نَّبِيٍّ فِى الاٌّوَّلِينَ

(And how many a Prophet have We sent amongst the men of old.) meaning, among the sects (communities) of old.

وَمَا يَأْتِيهِم مِّنْ نَّبِىٍّ إِلاَّ كَانُواْ بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ

(And never came there a Prophet to them but they used to mock at him.) means, they disbelieved him and mock at him.

فَأَهْلَكْنَآ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُم بَطْشاً

(Then We destroyed men stronger than these) means, `We destroyed those who disbelieved in the Messengers, and they were stronger in power than these who disbelieve in you, O Muhammad.' This is like the Ayah:

أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُواْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيْفَ كَانَ عَـقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ كَانُواْ أَكْـثَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ قُوَّةً

(Have they not traveled through the earth and seen what was the end of those before them They were more in number than them and mightier in strength) (40:82). And there are many similar Ayat.

وَمَضَى مَثَلُ الاٌّوَّلِينَ

(and the example of the ancients has passed away. ) Mujahid said, "The way of their life." Qatadah said, "Their punishment." Others said, "Their lesson," i.e., `We made them a lesson for those disbelievers who came after them, that they would suffer the same end as them,' as in the Ayah at the end of this Surah:

فَجَعَلْنَـهُمْ سَلَفاً وَمَثَلاً لِّلاٌّخِرِينَ

(And We made them a precedent, and an example to later generations.) (43:56);

سُنَّةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِى قَدْ خَلَتْ فِى عِبَادِهِ

(this has been the way of Allah in dealing with His servants) (40:85).

وَلَن تَجِدَ لِسُنَّةِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلاً

(and you will not find any change in the way of Allah.) (33:62)

Shall We turn away shall We withhold from you the Remembrance the Qur’ān utterly an utter withholding so that you are then neither commanded nor forbidden because you are a profligate an idolatrous folk? No!

A Preacher must not give up his preaching due to disappointment

أَفَنَضْرِ‌بُ عَنكُمُ الذِّكْرَ‌ صَفْحًا أَن كُنتُمْ قَوْمًا مُّسْرِ‌فِينَ (Shall we remove the advice away from you because you are a transgressing people? - 43:5) The meaning is that We will not give up advising you through the Qur'an, no matter how rebellious and disobedient you may become. This tells us that the person who is engaged in preaching and inviting others towards Islam should carry the message to everybody; he must not give up preaching to some people or any group simply because they are non-believers, highly irreligious, sinners and transgressors.

Shall We turn the remembrance away from you because you are an immoderate people? When today He does not cut off His words addressed to those who persist in disobeying Him and who are immoderate in most of what they do, then tomorrow how would He hold back His forgive- ness and the subtle favors of His beautiful doing from those who have not curtailed their faith in Him nor been defective in their recognition of Him, even if they are stained by disobedience? The Pir of the Tariqah said in his whispered prayer, “It is You who see unworthiness from the servant and do not hurry to punish. You hear unbelief from the servant and do not hold back blessings. You offer him repentance and pardon, and You call him back with Your message and address. If he does come back, You promise him forgiveness. 'If they desist, He will forgive them what is past' [8:38]. Since You are like this with the bad-doing enemy, what will You be like with the beautiful-doing friend?”