41:53 Fussilat (Explained in detail)

فإن قلتم، أو شككتم بصحته وحقيقته، فسيقيم اللّه لكم، ويريكم من آياته في الآفاق كالآيات التي في السماء وفي الأرض، وما يحدثه اللّه تعالى من الحوادث العظيمة، الدالة للمستبصر على الحق.{ وَفِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ } مما اشتملت عليه أبدانهم، من بديع آيات اللّه وعجائب صنعته، وباهر قدرته، وفي حلول العقوبات والمثلات في المكذبين، ونصر المؤمنين. { حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ } من تلك الآيات، بيانًا لا يقبل الشك { أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ } وما اشتمل عليه حق.وقد فعل تعالى، فإنه أرى عباده من الآيات، ما به تبين لهم أنه الحق، ولكن اللّه هو الموفق للإيمان من شاء، والخاذل لمن يشاء.{ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ } أي: أولم يكفهم على أن القرآن حق، ومن جاء به صادق، بشهادة اللّه تعالى، فإنه قد شهد له بالتصديق، وهو أصدق الشاهدين، وأيده، ونصره نصرًا متضمنًا لشهادته القولية، عند من شك فيها.

"سنريهم آياتنا في الآفاق وفي أنفسهم" أي سنظهر لهم دلالاتنا وحججنا على كون القرآن حقا منزلا من عند الله على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بدلائل خارجية "في الآفاق" من الفتوحات وظهور الإسلام على الأقاليم وسائر الأديان قال مجاهد والحسن والسدي ودلائل في أنفسهم قالوا: وقعة بدر وفتح مكة ونحو ذلك من الوقائع التي حلت بهم نصر الله فيها محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم وصحبه وخذل فيها الباطل وحزبه ويحتمل أن يكون المراد من ذلك ما الإنسان مركب منه وفيه وعليه من المواد والاختلاط والهيئات العجيبة كما هو مبسوط في علم التشريح الدال على حكمة الصانع تبارك وتعالى وكذلك ما هو مجبول عليه من الأخلاق المتباينة من حسن وقبح وغير ذلك وما هو متصرف فيه تحت الأقدار التي لا يقدر بحوله وقوته وحيله وحذره أن يجوزها ولا يتعداها كما أنشده ابن أبي الدنيا في كتابه التفكر والاعتبار عن شيخه أبي جعفر القرشي حيث قال وأحسن المقال وإذا نظرت تريد معتبرا فانظر إليك ففيك معتبر أنت الذي تمسي وتصبح في الدنيا وكل أموره عبر أنت المصرف كان في صغر ثم استقل بشخصك الكبر أنت الذي تنعاه خلقته ينعاه منه الشعر والبشر أنت الذي تعطى وتسلب لا ينجيه من أن يسلب الحذر أنت الذي لا شيء منه له وأحق منه بماله القدر وقوله تعالى "حتى يتبين لهم أنه الحق أو لم يكف بربك أنه على كل شيء شهيد" أي كفى بالله شهيدا على أفعال عباده وأقوالهم وهو يشهد أن محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم صادق فيما أخبر به عنه كما قال "لكن الله يشهد بما أنزل إليك أنزله بعلمه" الآية.

The Qur'an and the Proofs of its Truth Allah says:

قُلْ

(Say) -- `O Muhammad, to these idolators who disbelieve in the Qur'an'--

أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِن كَانَ

(Tell me, if it) -- this Qur'an --

مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ كَفَرْتُمْ بِهِ

(is from Allah, and you disbelieve in it) means, `what do you think your position is before the One Who revealed it to His Messenger' Allah says:

مَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّنْ هُوَ فِى شِقَاقٍ بَعِيدٍ

(Who is more astray than one who is in opposition far away.) means, he is in a state of disbelief, stubbornness and opposition to the truth, and is following a path that leads far away from guidance. Then Allah says:

سَنُرِيهِمْ ءَايَـتِنَا فِى الاٌّفَاقِ وَفِى أَنفُسِهِمْ

(We will show them Our signs in the universe, and within themselves,) meaning, `We will show them Our evidence and proof that the Qur'an is true and has indeed been sent down from Allah to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , through external signs,

فِى الاٌّفَاقِ

(in the universe), ' such as conquests and the advent of Islam over various regions and over all other religions. Mujahid, Al-Hasan and As-Suddi said, "And signs within themselves means, the battle of Badr, the conquest of Makkah, and other events which befell them, where Allah granted victory to Muhammad ﷺ and his Companions, and inflicted a humiliating defeat on falsehood and its followers." It may also be that what is meant here is man and his physical composition. As detailed in the science of anatomy, which indicates the wisdom of the Creator -- may He be blessed and exalted -- and the different inclinations and opposite natures that people have, good and bad, etc., and the (divine) decrees to which man is subjected, having no power to change and over which he has no control.

حَتَّى يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ

(until it becomes manifest to them that this (the Qur'an) is the truth. Is it not sufficient in regard to your Lord that He is a Witness over all things) means, sufficient is Allah as a Witness over the words and deeds of His servants, and He bears witness that Muhammad ﷺ  is telling the truth in what he says, as Allah says:

لَّـكِنِ اللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ إِلَيْكَ أَنزَلَهُ بِعِلْمِهِ

(But Allah bears witness to that which He has sent down unto you; He has sent it down with His knowledge) (4:166).

أَلاَ إِنَّهُمْ فِى مِرْيَةٍ مِّن لِّقَآءِ رَبِّهِمْ

(Lo, Verily, they are in doubt concerning the meeting with their Lord.) means, they doubt that the Hour will come, they do not think about it or strive for it or pay heed to it; on the contrary, they regard it as irrelevant and do not care about it. But it will undoubtedly come to pass. Then Allah states that He is Able to do all things and He encompasses all things, and it is very easy for Him to bring about the Hour:

أَلاَ إِنَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ مُّحِيطُ

(Verily, He is surrounding all things!) means, all of creation is subject to His control, dominion and knowledge; He is controlling all things by His power, so whatever He wills happens, and whatever He does not will does not happen, and there is no god worthy of worship apart from Him. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surah Fussilat. To Allah be praise and blessings.

We shall show them Our signs in the horizons in all the regions of the heavens and the earth in the way of the luminous celestial bodies the varieties of vegetation and trees and in their own souls in the way of the exquisite craftsmanship and unique wisdom inherent in their creation until it becomes clear to them that it namely the Qur’ān is the truth revealed by God informing of the Resurrection the Reckoning and the Punishment so that they realise that they will be punished for their disbelief in it and in the one who has come with it. Is it not sufficient that your Lord bi-rabbika governs the verb yakfi ‘sufficient’ is witness to all things? annahu ‘alā kulli shay’in shahīd substitutes for bi-rabbika. In other words is not sufficient proof of your truthfulness that nothing whatsoever can be hidden from God?

سَنُرِ‌يهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنفُسِهِمْ (We will show them Our signs in the universe and within their own beings - 53). The word "Afaq' used in the text literally means ` horizons' which includes all sides of the whole universe. (That is why it is translated above as ` universe' ) In other words, if one looks at the creatures and creations of the whole universe, big and small, in the skies, on the earth and in between them, they all bear witness not only to the existence of Allah Ta’ ala, but also to His Knowledge, His all-encompassing authority, and to His being One and unique. If one looks even nearer, at one's own self, at each organ and limb, at the fine and fragile mechanisms and systems functioning inside him to provide ease and comfort, it simply leaves one wondering. And these fragile mechanisms and systems have been made so durable that they do not wear out even after seventy, eighty year's use. Look at the springs inside the joints. Had they been made of steel by humans, they would have been rendered unserviceable long ago. Look at the skin of the hands and then lines made thereon that last for the whole life, and yet do not wear out. If a person of even an ordinary intellect ponders over these matters, he is bound to believe that the Creator and Sustainer of all these things is a Being who has limitless knowledge and Authority, and there simply cannot be anyone like Him.l

(1). The words used in the text are, "We will show them Our signs" which indicate that the signs of Allah's power and majesty that have been manifested to the mankind so far are not the only signs of Allah. In fact Allah Ta ala will continue to show His signs, both in the universe and in man's own creation, up to the Day of Judgment. Thus the present verse covers all the new discoveries of science that man is able to reach till the end of the universe.

Alhamdulillah

the commentary on

Surah Hameem As-Sajdah

ends here.

We shall show them Our signs on the horizons and in their souls until it is clear to them that He is the Real. It is said that the Lord's religion, which is the cause of the deliverance of the servants and the foundation of their familiarity with Him, is built on two things: One is showing on the part of the Real, and the other traveling on the part of the servant. Showing is what He says: “We shall show them Our signs on the horizons.” Traveling is what He says: “Whoso does a wholesome deed, it is for himself” [41:46]. As long as there is no showing on the Real's part, there will be no traveling on the servant's part. Showing takes place in both the signs of the horizons and the signs of the souls. In the signs of the horizons, it is what He says: “Have they not gazed upon the dominion of the heavens and the earth?” [7:185]. In the signs of the souls, it is what He says: “And in your souls; what, do you not see?” [51:21]. He is saying, “Do you not look at yourself and do you not think about your own makeup?” This is because the Lord of the Worlds has written out many fine points of wisdom and many realities of artisanry with the pen of eternal gentleness on the tablet of this makeup. He has in- scribed on it the lights of fabrication and the traces of honoring. He made the round head-the pavilion of intellect and the gathering place of knowledge-a monastery for the senses. Whatever worth has been acquired by this hollow makeup and composite person has been acquired from intellect and knowledge. The worth of the Adamite lies in intellect and his respectability in knowl- edge, his perfection in intellect and his beauty in knowledge. God created his forehead like a bar of silver. He strung the two bows of his eyebrows with pure musk. He deposited the two dots of his eyes' light into two figures of darkness. He made a hundred thousand red roses grow up in the garden of his two cheeks. He concealed thirty-two teeth like pearls in the oyster shell of his mouth. He sealed his mouth with glistening agate. From the beginning of his lips to the end of his throat He created twenty-nine way stations, making them the places of articulation for the twenty-nine letters.