39:33 Az-Zumar (The Groups)

ولما ذكر الكاذب المكذب وجنايته وعقوبته، ذكر الصادق المصدق وثوابه، فقال: { وَالَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ } في قوله وعمله، فدخل في ذلك الأنبياء ومن قام مقامهم، ممن صدق فيما قاله عن خبر اللّه وأحكامه، وفيما فعله من خصال الصدق.{ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ } أي: بالصدق لأنه قد يجيء الإنسان بالصدق، ولكن قد لا يصدق به، بسبب استكباره، أو احتقاره لمن قاله وأتى به، فلا بد في المدح من الصدق والتصديق، فصدقه يدل على علمه وعدله، وتصديقه يدل على تواضعه وعدم استكباره.{ أُولَئِكَ } أي: الذين وفقوا للجمع بين الأمرين { هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ } فإن جميع خصال التقوى ترجع إلى الصدق بالحق والتصديق به.

ثم قال جل وعلا "والذي جاء بالصدق وصدق به" قال مجاهد وقتادة والربيع بن أنس وابن زيد: الذي جاء بالصدق هو رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وقال السدي هو جبريل عليه السلام "وصدق به" يعني محمدا وقال علي بن أبي طلحة عن ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما "والذي جاء بالصدق" قال من جاء بلا إله إلا الله "وصدق به" يعني رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وقرأ الربيع بن أنس "الذين جاءوا بالصدق" يعني الأنبياء "وصدقوا به" يعني الأتباع. وقال ليث بن أبي سليم عن مجاهد "والذي جاء بالصدق وصدق به" قال أصحاب القرآن المؤمنون يجيئون يوم القيامة فيقولون هذا ما أعطيتمونا فعملنا فيه بما أمرتمونا. وهذا القول عن مجاهد يشمل كل المؤمنين فإن المؤمنين يقولون الحق ويعملون به والرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم أولى الناس بالدخول في هذه الآية على هذا التفسير فإنه جاء بالصدق وصدق المرسلين وآمن بما أنزل إليه من ربه والمؤمنون كل آمن بالله وملائكته وكتبه ورسله. وقال عبدالرحمن بن زيد بن أسلم "والذي جاء بالصدق" هو رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "وصدق به" قال المسلمون "أولئك هم المتقون" قال ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما اتقوا الشرك.

The Punishment of the Disbelievers and Liars, and the Reward of the Sincere Believers

The idolators uttered lies against Allah and said that there were other gods besides Him and claimed that the angels were the daughters of Allah and that Allah had a son -- glorified be He far above all that they say. Moreover, they rejected the truth when it came to them on the lips of the Messengers (peace and blessings be upon them all). Allah says:

فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَبَ علَى اللَّهِ وَكَذَّبَ بِالصِّدْقِ إِذْ جَآءَهُ

(Then, who does more wrong than one who utters a lie against Allah, and denies the truth when it comes to him!) meaning, there is no one who does more wrong than such a person, because he combines the two aspects of falsehood, disbelief in Allah and disbelief in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They made false claims and rejected the truth, Allah threatened them:

أَلَيْسَ فِى جَهَنَّمَ مَثْوًى لِّلْكَـفِرِينَ

(Is there not in Hell an abode for the disbelievers) who are the deniers and rejecters. Then Allah says:

وَالَّذِى جَآءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ

(And he who has brought the truth and (those who) believed therein,) Mujahid, Qatadah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas and Ibn Zayd said, "The one who brought the truth was the Messenger ." `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said:

وَالَّذِى جَآءَ بِالصِّدْقِ

("And he who has brought the truth) means the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.

وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ

(and (those who) believed therein) means the Muslims."

أُوْلَـئِكَ هُمُ الْمُتَّقُونَ

(they are those who have Taqwa). Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "They fear and shun Shirk."

لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ

(They shall have all that they will desire with their Lord.) means, in Paradise; whatever they ask for they will have.

لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ ذَلِكَ جَزَآءُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ - لِيُكَـفِّرَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَسْوَأَ الَّذِى عَمِلُواْ وَيَجْزِيَهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ بِأَحْسَنِ الَّذِى كَـانُواْ يَعْمَلُونَ

(That is the reward of doers of good. So that Allah may expiate from them the evil of what they did and give them the reward, according to the best of what they used to do.) This is like the Ayah:

أُوْلَـئِكَ الَّذِينَ نَتَقَبَّلُ عَنْهُمْ أَحْسَنَ مَا عَمِلُواْ وَنَتَجَاوَزُ عَن سَيْئَـتِهِمْ فِى أَصْحَـبِ الْجَنَّةِ وَعْدَ الصِّدْقِ الَّذِى كَانُواْ يُوعَدُونَ

(They are those from whom We shall accept the best of their deeds and overlook their evil deeds. (They shall be) among the dwellers of Paradise, a promise of truth, which they have been promised.) (46:16).

أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَهُ وَيُخَوِّفُونَكَ بِالَّذِينَ مِن دُونِهِ وَمَن يُضْـلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَـادٍ - وَمَن يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِن مُّضِلٍّ أَلَيْسَ اللَّهُ بِعَزِيزٍ ذِى انتِقَامٍ - وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَّنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ قُلْ أَفَرَأَيْتُم مَّا تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَرَادَنِىَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ هَلْ هُنَّ كَـشِفَـتُ ضُرِّهِ أَوْ أَرَادَنِى بِرَحْمَةٍ هَلْ هُنَّ مُمْسِكَـتُ رَحْمَتِهِ قُلْ حَسْبِىَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ يَتَوَكَّـلُ الْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ

And he who brings the truth — and that is the Prophet s — and those who confirm it namely the believers here alladhī ‘he who’ has the significance of alladhīna ‘those who’ those they are the ones who guard themselves against idolatry.

All deeds will be given against oppressions and infringement of rights, but one's 'iman (faith) will not be given

After having reported all Hadith narrations cited above, it has been said in Tafsir Mazhari that the thing mentioned about giving the deeds of the oppressor in settlement of the rights of the oppressed means deeds other than 'iman (faith). The reason is that all oppressions and injustices are acts of sin. They are not kufr or disbelief. And the punishment of sinful deeds will be limited as against 'iman (faith) which is a limitless deed. Its reward too is limitless, that is, living in Jannah forever - even though, it may happen after having gone through the punishment of sins and staying in Jahannam for a certain period of time. The outcome is, when the good deeds of the oppressor - with the exception of 'iman (faith) - will finish once given to the oppressed to the last deed leaving nothing behind but 'iman, then, this 'iman will not be taken away from him forcibly. Instead, the rights of the oppressed will be paid back by putting the sins of the oppressed in the account of the oppressor. As a result, this person will, after he has undergone the punishment of his sins, will finally enter the Jannah, and then this state of his will be everlasting. The author of Tafsir Mazhari says that Imam al-Baihaqi has also said so.

In verse 32, it was said: كَذَّبَ بِالصِّدْقِ (rejects the truth) while in verse 33, it was said: الَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ (As for the one who has come with the truth): At both these places, the word الصِّدْقِ : (as-sidq: the truth) means teachings brought by the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، whether it be the Qur'an, or be other teachings of ahadith in addition to the Qur'an. And the expression: صَدَّقَ بِهِ (saddaga bihi: and believed it to be true - 39:33) includes all believers who have testified to it.

And he who brought truthfulness and he who assented to it, those are the godwary. Know that truthfulness [ṣidq] means truthfulness [rāstī]. There is truthfulness in four things: words, promises, resoluteness, and deeds. Truthfulness in words is what the Real says about MuṣṬafā: “And he who brought truthfulness.” Truthfulness in promises is what He says about Ishmael the prophet: “Surely he was truthful in the promise” [19:54]. Truthfulness in resoluteness is what He says about the Messenger's companions: “Men truthful in the covenant they made with God” [33:23]. Truthfulness in deeds is what He says about the faithful: “It is they who have been truthful” [2:177]. When these traits are brought together in someone, he is called “sincerely truthful.” Abraham was in this station, for the Exalted Lord said concerning him, “Surely he was sincerely truthful, a prophet” [19:41]. MuṣṬafā was asked, “What is the perfection of the religion?” He said, “Speaking with truth and acting with truthfulness.” A pir was asked, “What is truthfulness?” He said, “You do what you say, you have what you show, and you are whence you call out.” Truthfulness in words is that the servant in whispered prayer with the Real seeks truthfulness from himself. If his face is turned toward this world in the state when he says, “Surely I have turned my face toward Him who originated the heavens and the earth” [6:79], then that is a lie. When he says, “Thee alone we worship” [1:5], if he is in bondage to this world and to appetite, then he has spoken a lie, for a man is the servant of that to which he is in bondage. This is why MuṣṬafā said, “Miserable is the servant of dirhams, miserable the servant of dinars!” He called him the servant of gold and silver because he is in bondage to gold and silver. The servant must be free of this world and appetites as well as himself if servanthood to the Real is to be set right for him. Abū Yazīd BasṬāmī said, “The Real made me stand before Him in one thousand standing places. In each standing place He offered me the empire. I said, 'I do not desire it.' “He said to me in the last standing place, 'O Abū Yazīd, what do you desire?' “I said, 'I desire not to desire.