30:22 Ar-Room (The Romans)

والعَالِمُون هم أهل العلم الذين يفهمون العبر ويتدبرون الآيات. والآيات في ذلك كثيرة: فمن آيات خلق السماوات والأرض وما فيهما، أن ذلك دال على عظمة سلطان اللّه وكمال اقتداره الذي أوجد هذه المخلوقات العظيمة، وكمال حكمته لما فيها من الإتقان وسعة علمه، لأن الخالق لا بد أن يعلم ما خلقه { أَلَا يَعْلَمُ مَنْ خَلَقَ } وعموم رحمته وفضله لما في ذلك من المنافع الجليلة، وأنه المريد الذي يختار ما يشاء لما فيها من التخصيصات والمزايا، وأنه وحده الذي يستحق أن يعبد ويوحد لأنه المنفرد بالخلق فيجب أن يفرد بالعبادة، فكل هذه أدلة عقلية نبه اللّه العقول إليها وأمرها بالتفكر واستخراج العبرة منها.{ و } كذلك في { اخْتِلَافُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَأَلْوَانِكُمْ } على كثرتكم وتباينكم مع أن الأصل واحد ومخارج الحروف واحدة، ومع ذلك لا تجد صوتين متفقين من كل وجه ولا لونين متشابهين من كل وجه إلا وتجد من الفرق بين ذلك ما به يحصل التمييز. وهذا دال على كمال قدرته، ونفوذ مشيئته.و [من] عنايته بعباده ورحمته بهم أن قدر ذلك الاختلاف لئلا يقع التشابه فيحصل الاضطراب ويفوت كثير من المقاصد والمطالب.

"ومن آياته منامكم بالليل والنهار وابتغاؤكم من فضله" أي ومن الآيات ما جعل الله من صفة النوم في الليل والنهار فيه تحصل الراحة وسكون الحركة وذهاب الكلال والتعب وجعل لكم الانتشار والسعي في الأسباب والأسفار في النهار وهذا ضد النوم "إن في ذلك لآيات لقوم يسمعون" أي يعون. قال الطبراني حدثنا حجاج بن عمران السدوسي حدثنا عمرو بن الحصين العقيلي حدثنا محمد بن عبدالله بن علاثة حدثنا ثور بن يزيد عن خالد بن معدان سمعت عبدالملك بن مروان يحدث عن أبيه عن زيد بن ثابت رضي الله عنه قال: أصابني أرق من الليل فشكوت ذلك إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال "قل اللهم غارت النجوم وهدأت العيون وأنت حي قيوم يا حي يا قيوم أنم عيني وأهدئ ليلي" فقلتها فذهب عني.

وَمِنْ ءَايَـتِهِ

(And among His signs) indicating His magnificent power.

خَلَقَ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالأَرْضَ

(is the creation of the heavens and the earth,) The heavens with their vast height and brightness and beauty of the stars and planets, and the earth with its density and its mountains, valleys, seas, plains, animals and trees.

وَاخْتِلَـفُ أَلْسِنَتِكُمْ

(and the difference of your languages) So, we see that some speak Arabic, and the Tatars have their own language, as do the Georgians, Romans, Franks, Berbers, Tou Couleurs (of Sudan), Ethiopians, Indians, Persians, Slavs, Khazars, Armenians, Kurds and others. Only Allah knows the variety of languages spoken among the sons of Adam. And the difference of their colors mentioned here refers to their appearance, for all the people of this world, from the time that Allah created Adam, and until the Hour begins, each of them has two eyes, two eyebrows, a nose, a forehead, a mouth and two cheeks, but none of them looks like another; there is bound to be some difference in posture, appearance and speech, whether it is apparent or is hidden and can only be noticed with careful observation. Each face has its own characteristics and does not look like another; even if there was a group of people who looked alike, having a beautiful or ugly characteristic in common, there would still be a difference between one person and the next.

إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لأَيَـتٍ لِّلْعَـلَمِينَ

(Verily, in that are indeed signs for men of sound knowledge.)

وَمِنْ ءايَـتِهِ مَنَامُكُم بِالَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَابْتِغَآؤُكُمْ مِّن فَضْلِهِ

(And among His signs is your sleep by night and by day, and your seeking of His bounty.) Among His signs is the cycle of sleep that He has created during the night and the day, when people are able to cease moving and rest, so that their tiredness and exhaustion will go away. And He has enabled you to seek to earn a living and to travel about during the day, this is the opposite of sleep.

إِنَّ فِى ذلِكَ لآيَـتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَسْمَعُونَ

(Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who listen.) meaning, understand.

And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the differences of your tongues that is your languages such as Arabic non-Arabic and so on and your colours such as white or black or otherwise even though all of you are originally the offspring of the same man and woman. Surely in that there are signs indications of His power exalted be He for all peoples this may be vocalised either as li’l-‘ālamīna or li’l-‘ālimīna so it means either rational creatures or people of knowledge respectively.

The same way there are differences of colour and hue. It is seen that babies of different colour and hue take birth from the same parents under the same circumstances. All this is the marvel of Allah's creation. The wisdom behind the difference of colours requires a lengthy description which is beyond our scope, but many of these wisdoms can be easily understood by a little reflection.

While referring to this sign of the divine omnipotence, this verse has mentioned creation or many things, such as sky, earth, the difference of languages and dialects, difference of colour in humans, which are all signs of Divine wisdom and can be recognized and understood with little attention. Hence, it is added at the end of the verse:إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِّلْعَالِمِينَ (Surely in this there are signs for the persons of knowledge - 30:22).