29:60 Al-Ankaboot (The Spider)

أي: الباري تبارك وتعالى، قد تكفل بأرزاق الخلائق كلهم، قويهم وعاجزهم، فكم { مِنْ دَابَّةٍ } في الأرض، ضعيفة القوى، ضعيفة العقل. { لَا تَحْمِلُ رِزْقَهَا } ولا تدخره، بل لم تزل، لا شيء معها من الرزق، ولا يزال اللّه يسخر لها الرزق، في كل وقت بوقته.{ اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُهَا وَإِيَّاكُمْ } فكلكم عيال اللّه، القائم برزقكم، كما قام بخلقكم وتدبيركم، { وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ } فلا يخفى عليه خافية، ولا تهلك دابة من عدم الرزق بسبب أنها خافية عليه.كما قال تعالى: { وَمَا مِنْ دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّهِ رِزْقُهَا وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا كُلٌّ فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ }

ثم أخبرهم تعالى أن الرزق لا يختص ببقعة بل رزقه تعالى عام لخلقه حيث كانوا وأين كانوا بل كانت أرزاق المهاجرين حيث هاجروا أكثر وأوسع وأطيب فإنهم بعد قليل صاروا حكام البلاد في سائر الأقطار والأمصار ولهذا قال تعالى "وكأين من دابة لا تحمل رزقها" أي لا تطيق جمعه وتحصيله ولا تدخر شيئا لغد "الله يرزقها وإياكم" أي يقيض لها رزقها على ضعفها وييسره عليها فيبعث إلى كل مخلوق من الرزق ما يصلحه حتى الذر في قرار الأرض والطير في الهواء والحيتان في الماء. قال تعالى "وما من دابة في الأرض إلا على الله رزقها ويعلم مستقرها ومستودعها كل في كتاب مبين" وقال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا محمد بن عبدالرحمن الهروي حدثنا يزيد يعني ابن هارون حدثنا الجراح بن منهال الجزري - هو أبو العطوف - عن الزهري عن رجل عن ابن عمر قال: خرجت مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم حتى دخل بعض حيطان المدينة فجعل يلتقط من التمر ويأكل فقال لي "يا ابن عمر مالك لا تأكل؟" قال قلت لا أشتهيه يا رسول الله قال "لكني أشتهيه وهذا صبح رابعة منذ لم أذق طعاما ولم أجده ولو شئت لدعوت ربي فأعطاني مثل ملك كسرى وقيصر فكيف بك يا ابن عمر إذا بقيت في قوم يخبئون رزق سنتهم بضعف اليقين؟" قال فوالله ما برحنا ولا رمنا حتى نزلت "وكأين من دابة لا تحمل رزقها الله يرزقها وإياكم وهو السميع العليم" فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "إن الله عز وجل لم يأمرني بكنز الدنيا ولا باتباع الشهوات فمن كنز دنياه يريد بها حياة باقية فإن الحياة بيد الله ألا وإني لا أكنز دينارا ولا درهما ولا أخبأ رزقا لغد" هذا حديث غريب وأبو العطوف الجزري ضعيف وقد ذكروا أن الغراب إذا فقس عن فراخه البيض خرجوا وهم بيض فإذا رآهم أبواهم كذلك نفرا عنهم أياما حتى يسود الريش فيظل الفرخ فاتحا فاه يتفقد أبويه فيقيض الله تعالى طيرا صغارا كالبرغش فيغشاه فيتقوت به تلك الأيام حتى يسود ريشه والأبوان يتفقدانه كل وقت فكلما رأوه أبيض الريش نفرا عنه فإذا رأوه اسود ريشه عطفا عليه بالحضانة والرزق ولهذا قال الشاعر. يا رازق النعاب في عشه وجابر العظم الكسير المهيض وقد قال الشافعي في جملة كلام له في الأوامر كقول النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم "سافروا تصحوا وترزقوا" قال البيهقي أخبرنا إملاء أبو الحسن علي بن أحمد بن عبدان أخبرنا أحمد بن عبيد أخبرنا محمد بن غالب حدثني محمد بن سنان أخبرنا محمد بن عبدالرحمن بن يزداد شيخ من أهل المدينة حدثنا عبدالله بن دينار عن ابن عمر قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "سافروا تصحوا وتغنموا" قال ورويناه عن ابن عباس وقال الإمام أحمد حدثنا قبيصة أخبرنا ابن لهيعة عن دراج عن عبد الرحمن بن حجير عن أبي هريرة قال: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "سافروا تربحوا وصوموا تصحوا واغزوا تغنموا" وقد ورد مثل حديث ابن عمر عن ابن عباس مرفوعا وعن معاذ بن جبل موقوفا وفي لفظ "سافروا مع ذوي الجد والميسرة" قال ورويناه عن ابن عباس وقوله "وهوالسميع العليم" أي السميع لأقوال عباده العليم بحركاتهم وسكناتهم.

Advice to migrate and the Promise of Provision and a Goodly Reward

Allah commands His believing servants to migrate from a land in which they are not able to establish Islam, to the spacious earth of Allah where they can do so, by declaring Allah to be One and worshipping Him as He has commanded. Allah says:

يَعِبَادِىَ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ إِنَّ أَرْضِى وَاسِعَةٌ فَإِيَّاىَ فَاعْبُدُونِ

(O My servants who believe! Certainly, spacious is My earth. Therefore worship Me.) When things became too difficult for the believers in Makkah who were in a weak position and were oppressed, they left and migrated to Ethiopia, where they were able to practice their religion. The Muslims found Ethiopia the best place for guest; where Ashamah, the Negus or king, may Allah have mercy on him, gave them refuge, helped them, supported them, and honored them in his land. Later, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his remaining Companions migrated to Al-Madinah, formerly known as Yathrib, may Allah protect it. Then Allah says:

كُلُّ نَفْسٍ ذَآئِقَةُ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا تُرْجَعُونَ

(Everyone shall taste death. Then unto Us you shall be returned.) meaning, `wherever you are, death with catch up with you, so always obey Allah and be where Allah commands you to be, for this is better for you. Death is inevitable and there is no escape from it, and then you will return to Allah, and whoever was obedient to Him will have the best reward.' Allah says:

وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمْ مِّنَ الْجَنَّةِ غُرَفَاً تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ

(And those who believe and do righteous good deeds, to them We shall surely give lofty dwellings in Paradise, underneath which rivers flow,) meaning, `We shall cause them to dwell in lofty homes in Paradise under which various kinds of rivers flow -- water, wine, honey and milk -- which they can direct and cause to flow wherever they wish.'

خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَآ

(to live therein forever.) means, they will remain there forever, never wanting to leave.

نِعْمَ أَجْرُ الْعَـمِلِينَ

(Excellent is the reward for the workers.) these rooms will be a blessed reward for the good deeds of the believers,

الَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ

(Those who are patient,) in adhering to their religion, who migrated for the sake of Allah and fought the enemy, leaving behind their families and relatives to seek Allah's Face, and hoping for that which is with Him, believing His promise. Ibn Abi Hatim, may Allah have mercy on him, recorded from Abu Mu`aniq Al-Ash`ari that Abu Malik Al-Ash`ari told him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told him:

«إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّةِ غُرَفًا يُرَى ظَاهِرُهَا مِنْ بَاطِنِهَا، وَبَاطِنُهَا مِنْ ظَاهِرِهَا، أَعَدَّهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى لِمَنْ أَطْعَمَ الطَّعَامَ، وَأَطَابَ الْكَلَامَ، وَتَابَعَ الصَّلَاةَ وَالصِّيَامَ، وَقَامَ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالنَّاسُ نِيَام»

(In Paradise there are rooms whose outside can be seen from the inside, and their inside can be seen from the outside; Allah has prepared them for those who feed others, who speak well, who pray and fast continually, and who stand in prayer at night while people are asleep.)

وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ

(and put their trust in their Lord.) in all their affairs, spiritual and worldly alike. Then Allah tells us that provision is not limited only to one place, but it is given to all His creatures no matter where they are. Indeed, when the Muhajirin migrated, their provision was greater and better than before, because after a short time they became rulers in the land, in all regions. Allah says:

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن دَآبَّةٍ لاَّ تَحْمِلُ رِزْقَهَا

(And so many a moving creature carries not its own provision!) meaning, it does not have the ability to gather its provision and save it for tomorrow.

اللَّهُ يَرْزُقُهَا وَإِيَّاكُمْ

(Allah provides for it and for you.) means, Allah allots its provision to it even though it is weak, and makes it easy for it. He sends provision to every creature in the appropriate manner, even the ants in the depths of the earth, the birds in the air and the fish in the sea. Allah says:

وَمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ فِي الاٌّرْضِ إِلاَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ رِزْقُهَا وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا كُلٌّ فِى كِتَابٍ مُّبِينٍ

(And no moving creature is there on earth but its provision is due from Allah. And He knows its dwelling place and its deposit. All is in a Clear Book.) (11:6)

وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ

(And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.) means, He hears all that His servants say and He knows their every movements.

And how many ka-ayyin means kam an animal there is that does not bear its own provision on account of its inability to do so. Yet God provides for it and for you O Emigrants al-muhājirūn even when you carry with you neither supplies nor substance. And He is the Hearer of your sayings the Knower of your consciences.

وَكَأَيِّن مِّن دَابَّةٍ لَّا تَحْمِلُ رِ‌زْقَهَا اللَّـهُ يَرْ‌زُقُهَا وَإِيَّاكُمْ (And how many an animal there is that does not carry its provision. Allah gives provision to it as well as to you, - 29:60), that is, ` You should ponder over the fact that there are innumerable animals on earth who do not collect and store their sustenance, nor do they worry about its collection. But Allah Ta’ ala provides them their sustenance daily by His grace'. This applies to almost all animals, except a few. For instance, ants and rats are two such animals that store their food. Ants do not come out of their holes in winter; hence store the food during the summer season. Among the birds crow is the only one that collects food in its nest, but then forgets it. Thus, all the countless animals living on earth are those who neither collect their food for the next day, nor do they have means to do so. It is stated in a hadith that all the birds set off from their nests at dawn in a state of hunger, and return in the evening satiated. They all get their sustenance daily from the bounty of Allah Ta’ ala, and the practice goes on throughout their lifetime.

(And how many an animal there is that beareth not its own provision!) [29:60]. Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Tamimi informed us> Abu Muhammad ibn Hayyan> Ahmad ibn Ja�far al-Jamal> �Abd al-Wahid ibn Muhammad al-Bajali> Yazid ibn Harun> Hajjaj ibn Minhal> al-Zuhri (who is �Abd al-Rahman ibn �Ata�)> �Ata�> Ibn �Umar who said: �We went out with the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and walked with him until he entered one of the fields of the Helpers and started picking dates and eating them. He said: �O Ibn �Umar, why do you not eat?� I said: �I do not feel like it, O Messenger of Allah!� He said: �As for me, I do feel like it; this is the fourth morning in which I did not taste any food. And if I wish, I can pray to my Lord to grant me the like of the kingdoms of Chosroes and the Caesar. What will you do then, O Ibn �Umar, when you live among people who store their provision for a year and when certainty is weakened?� By Allah, we did not leave [our place] until this verse was revealed (And how many an animal there is that beareth not its own provision! Allah provideth for it and for you. He is the Hearer, the Knower)�.