25:66 Al-Furqaan (The Criterion)

{ إِنَّهَا سَاءَتْ مُسْتَقَرًّا وَمُقَامًا } وهذا منهم على وجه التضرع لربهم، وبيان شدة حاجتهم إليه وأنهم ليس في طاقتهم احتمال هذا العذاب، وليتذكروا منة الله عليهم، فإن صرف الشدة بحسب شدتها وفظاعتها يعظم وقعها ويشتد الفرح بصرفها.

وقال ابن أبي حاتم عند قوله "إنها ساءت مستقرا ومقاما" حدثنا أبي حدثنا الحسن بن الربيع حدثنا أبو الأحوص عن الأعمش عن مالك بن الحارث قال: قال إذا طرح الرجل في النار هوى فيها إذا انتهى إلى بعض أبوابها قيل له مكانك حتى تتحف قال فيسقى كأسا من سم الأساود والعقارب قال فيتميز الجلد على حدة والشعر على حدة والعصب على حدة والعروق على حدة وقال أيضا حدثنا أبي حدثنا الحسن بن الربيع حدثنا أبو الأحوص عن الأعمش عن مجاهد عن عبيد بن عمير قال إن في النار لجبابا فيها حيات أمثال البخت وعقارب أمثال البغال الدهم فإذا قذف بهم في النار خرجت إليهم من أوطانها فأخذت بشفاههم وأبشارهم وأشعارهم فكشطت لحومهم إلى أقدامهم فإذا وجدت حر النار رجعت. وقال الإمام أحمد حدثنا الحسن بن موسى حدثنا سلام يعني ابن مسكين عن أبي طلال عن أنس بن مالك رضي الله عنه عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال "إن عبدا في جهنم لينادي ألف سنة يا حنان يا منان فيقول الله عز وجل لجبريل اذهب فاتني بعبدي هذا فينطلق جبريل فيجد أهل النار مكبين يبكون فيرجع إلى ربه عز وجل فيخبره فيقول الله عز وجل ائتني به فإنه في مكان كذا وكذا فيجيء به فيوقفه على ربه عز وجل فيقول له يا عبدي كيف وجدت مكانك ومقيلك؟ فيقول يارب شر مكان وشر مقيل فيقول الله عز وجل ردوا عبدي فيقول يارب ما كنت أرجو إذ أخرجتني منها أن تردني فيها فيقول الله عز وجل دعوا عبدي".

Attributes of the Servants of the Most Gracious

These are the attributes of the believing servants of Allah,

الَّذِينَ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى الاٌّرْضِ هَوْناً

(those who walk on the earth Hawna,) meaning that they walk with dignity and humility, not with arrogance and pride. This is like the Ayah:

وَلاَ تَمْشِ فِى الاٌّرْضِ مَرَحًا

(And walk not on the earth with conceit and arrogance...) (17:37). So these people do not walk with conceit or arrogance or pride. This does not mean that they should walk like sick people, making a show of their humility, for the leader of the sons of Adam (the Prophet) used to walk as if he was coming downhill, and as if the earth were folded up beneath him. What is meant here by Hawn is serenity and dignity, as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

«إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَلَا تَأْتُوهَا وَأَنْتُمْ تَسْعَونَ، وَأْتُوهَا وَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّكِينَةُ فَمَا أَدْرَكْتُمْ مِنْهَا فَصَلُّوا، وَمَا فَاتَكُمْ فَأَتِمُّوا»

(When you come to the prayer, do not come rushing in haste. Come calmly and with tranquility, and whatever you catch up with, pray, and whatever you miss, make it up.)

وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ الجَـهِلُونَ قَالُواْ سَلاَماً

(and when the foolish address them they say: "Salama.") If the ignorant people insult them with bad words, they do not respond in kind, but they forgive and overlook, and say nothing but good words. This is what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did: the more ignorant the people, the more patient he would be. This is as Allah says:

وَإِذَا سَمِعُواْ اللَّغْوَ أَعْرَضُواْ عَنْهُ

(And when they hear Al-Laghw (evil or vain talk), they withdraw from it) (28:55). Then Allah says that their nights are the best of nights, as He says:

وَالَّذِينَ يِبِيتُونَ لِرَبِّهِمْ سُجَّداً وَقِيَـماً

(And those who spend the night in worship of their Lord, prostrate and standing.) meaning, worshipping and obeying Him. This is like the Ayat:

كَانُواْ قَلِيلاً مِّن الَّيْلِ مَا يَهْجَعُونَ - وَبِالاٌّسْحَـرِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

(They used to sleep but little by night. And in the hours before dawn, they were asking for forgiveness) (51:17-18).

تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ

(Their sides forsake their beds...) (32:16).

أَمَّنْ هُوَ قَانِتٌ ءَانَآءَ الَّيْلِ سَـجِداً وَقَآئِماً يَحْذَرُ الاٌّخِرَةَ وَيَرْجُواْ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ

(Is one who is obedient to Allah, prostrating himself or standing during the hours of the night, fearing the Hereafter and hoping for the mercy of his Lord...) (39:9). Allah says:

وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اصْرِفْ عَنَّا عَذَابَ جَهَنَّمَ إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَاماً

(And those who say: "Our Lord! Avert from us the torment of Hell. Verily, its torment is ever an inseparable punishment.") meaning, ever-present and never ending. Al-Hasan said concerning the Ayah,

إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَاماً

(Verily, its torment is ever an inseparable, permanent punishment.) Everything that strikes the son of Adam, then disappears, does not constitute an inseparable, permanent punishment. The inseparable, permanent punishment is that which lasts as long as heaven and earth. This was also the view of Sulayman At-Taymi.

إِنَّهَا سَآءَتْ مُسْتَقَرّاً وَمُقَاماً

(Evil indeed it is as an abode and as a place to rest in.) means, how evil it looks as a place to dwell and how evil it is as a place to rest.

وَالَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَنفَقُواْ لَمْ يُسْرِفُواْ وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُواْ

(And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor stingy...) They are not extravagant, spending more than they need, nor are they miserly towards their families, not spending enough on their needs. But they follow the best and fairest way. The best of matters are those which are moderate, neither one extreme nor the other.

وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَوَاماً

(but are in a just balance between them.) This is like the Ayah,

وَلاَ تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَى عُنُقِكَ وَلاَ تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ

(And let not your hand be tied to your neck, nor stretch it forth to its utmost reach.)(17:29)

It is truly a wretched abode and residence!’ in other words it is truly wretched as a place in which to abide and reside.

The Fifth Characteristic

وَالَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَ‌بَّنَا اصْرِ‌فْ عَنَّا عَذَابَ جَهَنَّمَ (and those who say, "Our Lord, avert from us the punishment of Jahannam - 25:65). It means that despite their constant prayers day and night, these favoured ones do not sit content, but are always fearful of God and keep in mind the Day of Judgment. To that end they keep alive the righteous deeds as well as supplications before Allah.