24:64 An-Noor (The Light)

{ أَلَا إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ْ} ملكا وعبيدا، يتصرف فيهم بحكمه القدري، وحكمه الشرعي. { قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَا أَنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ ْ} أي: قد أحاط علمه بما أنتم عليه، من خير وشر، وعلم جميع أعمالكم، أحصاها علمه، وجرى بها قلمه، وكتبتها عليكم الحفظة الكرام الكاتبون. { وَيَوْمَ يُرْجَعُونَ إِلَيْهِ ْ} في يوم القيامة { فَيُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُوا ْ} يخبرهم بجميع أعمالهم، دقيقها وجليلها، إخبارا مطابقا لما وقع منهم، ويستشهد عليهم أعضاءهم، فلا يعدمون منه فضلا أو عدلا. ولما قيد علمه بأعمالهم، ذكر العموم بعد الخصوص، فقال: { وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ْ}

يخبر تعالى أنه مالك السموات والأرض وأنه عالم الغيب والشهادة وهو عالم بما العباد عاملون في سرهم وجهرهم فقال "قد يعلم ما أنتم عليه" وقد للتحقيق كما قال قبلها "قد يعلم الله الذين يتسللون منكم لواذا" وقال تعالى: "قد يعلم الله المعوقين منكم" الآية وقال تعالى: "قد سمع الله قول التي تجادلك" الآية وقال: "قد نعلم إنه ليحزنك الذي يقولون فإنهم لا يكذبونك ولكن الظالمين بآيات الله يجحدون" وقال: "قد نرى تقلب وجهك في السماء" الآية فكل هذه الآيات فيها تحقيق الفعل بقد كقول المؤذن تحقيقا وثبوتا: قد قامت الصلاة قد قامت الصلاة فقوله تعالى: "قد يعلم ما أنتم عليه" أي هو عالم به مشاهد له لا يعزب عنه مثقال ذرة كما قال تعالى: "وتوكل على العزيز الرحيم - إلى قوله - إنه هو السميع العليم" وقوله "وما تكون في شأن وما تتلو منه من قرآن ولا تعملون من عمل إلا كنا عليكم شهودا إذ تفيضون فيه وما يعزب عن ربك من مثقال ذرة في الأرض ولا في السماء ولا أصغر من ذلك ولا أكبر إلا في كتاب مبين" وقال تعالى: "أفمن هو قائم على كل نفس بما كسبت" أي هو شهيد على عباده بما هم فاعلون من خير وشر وقال تعالى: "ألا حين يستغشون ثيابهم يعلم ما يسرون وما يعلنون" وقال تعالى: "سواء منكم من أسر القول ومن جهر به" الآية وقال تعالى: "وما من دابة في الأرض إلا على الله رزقها ويعلم مستقرها ومستودعها كل فى كتاب مبين" وقال: "وعنده مفاتح الغيب لا يعلمها إلا هو ويعلم ما في البر والبحر وما تسقط من ورقة إلا يعلمها ولا حبة في ظلمات الأرض ولا رطب ولا يابس إلا في كتاب مبين" والآيات والأحاديث في هذا كثيرة جدا وقوله "ويوم يرجعون إليه" أي ويوم يرجع الخلائق إلى الله وهو يوم القيامة" فينبئهم بما عملوا" أي يخبرهم بما فعلوا في الدنيا من جليل وحقير وصغير وكبير كما قال تعالى " ينبأ الإنسان يومئذ بما قدم وأخر" وقال: "ووضع الكتاب فترى المجرمين مشفقين مما فيه ويقولون يا ويلتنا مال هذا الكتاب لا يغادر صغيرة ولا كبيرة إلا أحصاها ووجدوا ما عملوا حاضرا ولا يظلم ربك أحدا" ولهذا قال ههنا "ويوم يرجعون إليه فينبئهم بما عملوا والله بكل شيء عليم". والحمد لله رب العالمين ونسأله التمام آخر تفسير سورة النور ولله الحمد والمنة.

Allah knows your Condition

Allah tells us that He is the Sovereign of the heavens and the earth, and He knows the seen and the unseen. He knows what His servants do in secret and in the open. So He says:

قَدْ يَعْلَمُ مَآ أَنتُمْ عَلَيْهِ

(Indeed, He knows your condition) He knows and it is visible to Him, and not one iota is hidden from him. This is like the Ayah:

وَتَوكَّلْ عَلَى الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ

(And put your trust in the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful,) until His saying;

إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ

(Verily, He, only He, is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower) 26:217-220.

وَمَا تَكُونُ فِى شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُواْ مِنْهُ مِن قُرْءَانٍ وَلاَ تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلاَّ كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ عَن رَّبِّكَ مِن مِّثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِي الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ فِى السَّمَآءِ وَلاَ أَصْغَرَ مِن ذَلِكَ وَلا أَكْبَرَ إِلاَّ فِى كِتَابٍ مُّبِينٍ

(Neither you do any deed nor recite any portion of the Qur'an, nor you do any deed but We are Witness thereof when you are doing it. And nothing is hidden from your Lord; (even) the weight of a speck of dust on the earth or in the heaven. Not what is less than that or what is greater than that but is in a Clear Record.) 10:61

أَفَمَنْ هُوَ قَآئِمٌ عَلَى كُلِّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ

(Is then He Who takes charge of every person and knows all that he has earned) 13: 33 He sees all that His servants do, good and evil alike. And Allah says:

أَلا حِينَ يَسْتَغْشُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ يَعْلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعْلِنُونَ

(Surely, even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knows what they conceal and what they reveal) 11:5.

سَوَآءٌ مِّنْكُمْ مَّنْ أَسَرَّ الْقَوْلَ وَمَنْ جَهَرَ بِهِ

(It is the same (to Him) whether any of you conceals his speech or declares it openly) 13:10.

وَمَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ فِي الاٌّرْضِ إِلاَّ عَلَى اللَّهِ رِزْقُهَا وَيَعْلَمُ مُسْتَقَرَّهَا وَمُسْتَوْدَعَهَا كُلٌّ فِى كِتَابٍ مُّبِينٍ

(And no moving creature is there on earth but its provision is due from Allah. And He knows its dwelling place and its deposit. All is in a Clear Book.) 11:6

وَعِندَهُ مَفَاتِحُ الْغَيْبِ لاَ يَعْلَمُهَآ إِلاَّ هُوَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِى الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ وَمَا تَسْقُطُ مِن وَرَقَةٍ إِلاَّ يَعْلَمُهَا وَلاَ حَبَّةٍ فِى ظُلُمَـتِ الاٌّرْضِ وَلاَ رَطْبٍ وَلاَ يَابِسٍ إِلاَّ فِى كِتَـبٍ مُّبِينٍ

(And with Him are the keys of the Unseen, none knows them but He. And He knows whatever there is in the land and in the sea; not a leaf falls, but He knows it. There is not a grain in the darkness of the earth nor anything fresh or dry, but is written in a Clear Record.) 6:59 And there are many Ayat and Hadiths which say similar things.

وَيَوْمَ يُرْجَعُونَ إِلَيْهِ

(the Day when they will be brought back to Him,) means, the day when all creatures will be brought back to Allah, which is the Day of Resurrection.

فَيُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُواْ

(then He will inform them of what they did.) means, He will tell them everything they did in this life, major and minor, significant and insignificant. As Allah says:

يُنَبَّأُ الإِنسَـنُ يَوْمَئِذِ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ

(On that Day man will be informed of what he sent forward (of deeds), and what he left behind.) 75:13

وَوُضِعَ الْكِتَـبُ فَتَرَى الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُشْفِقِينَ مِمَّا فِيهِ وَيَقُولُونَ يوَيْلَتَنَا مَا لِهَـذَا الْكِتَـبِ لاَ يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلاَ كَبِيرَةً إِلاَّ أَحْصَاهَا وَوَجَدُواْ مَا عَمِلُواْ حَاضِرًا وَلاَ يَظْلِمُ رَبُّكَ أَحَدًا

(And the Book will be placed, and you will see the criminals, fearful of that which is therein. They will say: "Woe to us! What sort of Book is this that leaves neither a small thing nor a big thing, but has recorded it with numbers!" And they will find all that they did, placed before them, and your Lord treats no one with injustice.) 18:49 Allah says here:

وَيَوْمَ يُرْجَعُونَ إِلَيْهِ فَيُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُواْ وَاللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمُ

(the Day when they will be brought back to Him, then He will inform them of what they did. And Allah is All-Knower of everything.) Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all that exists, and we ask Him to help us achieve perfection. The end of the Tafsir of Surat An-Nur, to Allah be praise and thanks.

Lo! surely to God belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth by way of possession creation and servitude. He is ever aware of how you O you who are obligated to the prescriptions of the Law are behaving with regard to faith or hypocrisy and He knows the day when they shall be returned to Him there is a shift here from the second person address to that of the third person in other words He knows when this day will be — He will inform them thereupon of what they did of good and evil and God is Knower of all things which they do and otherwise.

لَّا تَجْعَلُوا دُعَاءَ الرَّ‌سُولِ بَيْنَكُمْ

Do not take the call of the messenger among you as a call of one of you to another - 24:63.

One explanation of this verse is that "call of the messenger" means calling of the people by the Holy Prophet ﷺ (which implies that "call" is the act of the messenger). Thus the meaning of the verse is, when the Holy Prophet ﷺ call people, it should not be taken as a common call of an

ordinary person, in which one has the choice to go or not to go. In the case of a call by the Holy Prophet ﷺ it becomes obligatory to go to him and leaving the meeting without his permission is unlawful. In the context of the verse the above explanation appears more appropriate. That is why Mazhari and Bayan ul-Qur'an have adopted this explanation. The other explanation of "call of the messenger" is related by Ibn Kathir and Qurtubi on authority of Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn ` Abbas ؓ . According to this explanation it means calling of the Holy Prophet ﷺ by the people for some need which implies that 'the messenger' is the object of the 'call'.

On the basis of this explanation the meaning of the verse would be that when you Call the Holy Prophet ﷺ for some need, do not call him by his name saying ` Ya Muhammad یا محمد ، as you call others. This is disrespect to him. Therefore, call him by an honorific form of address such as ` Ya Rasul Allah i.e. یا رسول اللہ or ` Ya Nabiyy Allah' یا نبی اللہ . In the final analysis it is obligatory on all Muslims to have respect and veneration for the Holy Prophet ﷺ and to avoid all such things which are in conflict with respect and etiquette, or which may cause inconvenience to the Holy Prophet ﷺ . This injunction is similar in nature to many of those enjoined in Surah al-Hujurat, for instance لَا تَجْهَرُ‌وا لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ‌ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ (49:2) It means that when you talk to the Holy Prophet ﷺ keep in mind his respect, and do not talk in a loud voice, as people do while talking to each other. A similar example is إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُنَادُونَكَ مِن وَرَ‌اءِ الْحُجُرَ‌اتِ (49:4) which means that when he is inside the house, one must not call him out, rather wait for him outside until he comes out on his own.

A Warning

It has also been inferred from the second explanation that as a common etiquette it is incumbent upon Muslims to pay respect to the elders, and to call them by their names is disrespect. Elders should always be called with titles of respect.

Alhamdulillah

The Commentary on

Surah An-Nur

Ends here.