24:21 An-Noor (The Light)

ولما نهى عن هذا الذنب بخصوصه، نهى عن الذنوب عموما فقال: { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ } أي: طرقه ووساوسه. وخطوات الشيطان، يدخل فيها سائر المعاصي المتعلقة بالقلب، واللسان والبدن. ومن حكمته تعالى، أن بين الحكم، وهو: النهي عن اتباع خطوات الشيطان. والحكمة وهو بيان ما في المنهي عنه، من الشر المقتضي، والداعي لتركه فقال: { وَمَنْ يَتَّبِعْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِنَّهُ } أي: الشيطان { يَأْمُرُ بِالْفَحْشَاءِ } أي: ما تستفحشه العقول والشرائع، من الذنوب العظيمة، مع ميل بعض النفوس إليه. { وَالْمُنْكَرِ } وهو ما تنكره العقول ولا تعرفه. فالمعاصي التي هي خطوات الشيطان، لا تخرج عن ذلك، فنهي الله عنها للعباد، نعمة منه عليهم أن يشكروه ويذكروه، لأن ذلك صيانة لهم عن التدنس بالرذائل والقبائح، فمن إحسانه عليهم، أن نهاهم عنها، كما نهاهم عن أكل السموم القاتلة ونحوها، { وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ مَا زَكَى مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَبَدًا } أي: ما تطهر من اتباع خطوات الشيطان، لأن الشيطان يسعى، هو وجنده، في الدعوة إليها وتحسينها، والنفس ميالة إلى السوء أمارة به، والنقص مستول على العبد من جميع جهاته، والإيمان غير قوي، فلو خلي وهذه الدواعي، ما زكى أحد بالتطهر من الذنوب والسيئات والنماء بفعل الحسنات، فإن الزكاء يتضمن الطهارة والنماء، ولكن فضله ورحمته أوجبا أن يتزكى منكم من تزكى. وكان من دعاء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: \" اللهم آت نفسي تقواها، وزكها أنت خير من زكاها، أنت وليها ومولاها \" ولهذا قال: { وَلَكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُزَكِّي مَنْ يَشَاءُ } من يعلم منه أن يزكى بالتزكية، ولهذا قال: { وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ }

"خطوات الشيطان" يعني طرائقه ومسالكه وما يأمر به "ومن يتبع خطوات الشيطان فإنه يأمر بالفحشاء والمنكر" هذا تنفير وتحذير من ذلك بأفصح عبارة وأبلغها وأوجزها وأحسنها قال علي ابن أبى طلحة عن ابن عباس "خطوات الشيطان" عمله وقال عكرمة: نزغاته وقال قتادة: كل معصية فهي من خطوات الشيطان وقال أبو مجلز: النذور في المعاصي من خطوات الشيطان وقال مسروق: سأل رجل ابن مسعود فقال: إني حرمت أن آكل طعاما وسماه فقال: هذا من نزعات الشيطان كفر عن يمينك وكل وقال الشعبي في رجل نذر ذبح ولده هذا من نزغات الشيطان وأفتاه أن يذبح كبشا وقال ابن أبي حاتم حدثنا أبي حدثنا حسان بن عبدالله المصري حدثنا السري بن يحيي عن سليمان التيمي عن أبي رافع قال: غضبت على امرأتي فقالت هي يوما يهودية ويوما نصرانية وكل مملوك لها حر إن لم تطلق امرأتك فأتيت عبدالله بن عمر فقال: إنما هذه من نزغات الشيطان وكذلك قالت زينب بنت أم سلمة وهي يومئذ أفقه امرأه بالمدينة وأتيت عاصم بن عمر فقال مثل ذلك. ثم قال تعالى "ولولا فضل الله عليكم ورحمته ما زكى منكم من أحد أبدا" أي لولا هو يرزق من يشاء التوبة والرجوع إليه ويزكي النفوس من شركها وفجورها ودنسها وما فيها من أخلاق رديئة كل بحسبه لما حصل أحد لنفسه زكاة ولا خيرا" ولكن الله يزكي من يشاء" أى من خلقه ويضل من يشاء ويرديه في مهالك الضلال والغي وقوله "والله سميع" أي سميع لأقوال عباده "عليم" بمن يستحق منهم الهدى والضلال.

A Reminder of the Grace of Allah and a Warning against following the Footsteps of Shaytan

Allah says:

وَلَوْلاَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ رَءُوفٌ رَّحِيمٌ

(And had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy on you, and that Allah is full of kindness, Most Merciful.) meaning, if it were not for this, it would have been another matter altogether, but He, may He be exalted, is full of kindness towards His servants and Merciful towards them. He accepts the repentance of those who repent to Him from this sin, and purifies those among them who are purified by the prescribed punishment carried out on them. Then Allah says:

يأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لاَ تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَتِ الشَّيْطَـنِ

(O you who believe! Follow not the Khutuwat of Shaytan.) hmeaning, his ways and paths and what he commands,

وَمَن يَتَّبِعْ خُطُوَتِ الشَّيْطَـنِ فَإِنَّهُ يَأْمُرُ بِالْفَحْشَآءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ

(And whosoever follows the footsteps of Shaytan, then, verily, he commands immorality and the evil deeds.) This is a warning given in the most concise and eloquent manner. `Ali bin Abi Talhah recorded from Ibn `Abbas that

خُطُوَتِ الشَّيْطَـنِ

(the Khutuwat of Shaytan) means his deeds. `Ikrimah said that it means his evil whispers. Qatadah said: "Every sin is one of the footsteps of Shaytan." Abu Mijlaz said: "Vowing to commit sin is one of the footsteps of Shaytan." Then Allah says:

وَلَوْلاَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ مَا زَكَى مِنكُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ أَبَداً

(And had it not been for the grace of Allah and His mercy on you, not one of you would ever have been pure from sins.) meaning, if He did not help whomever He wills to repent and come back to Him and be purified from Shirk, evil and sin, and whatever bad characteristics each person has according to his nature, no one would ever attain purity and goodness.

وَلَـكِنَّ اللَّهَ يُزَكِّى مَن يَشَآءُ

(But Allah purifies whom He wills) means, among His creation, and He sends astray whomever He wills, leaving him to be doomed in his misguidance and sin.

وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ

(and Allah is All-Hearer,) means, He hears what His servants say,

عَلِيمٌ

(All-Knower.) of who deserves to be guided and who deserves to be misguided.

O you who believe do not follow in the steps of Satan that is his ways of making things seem attractive. For whoever follows in the steps of Satan assuredly he the one being followed enjoins indecency that is he enjoins vile acts and what is reprehensible if followed according to the Law. And were it not for God’s bounty to you and His mercy not one of you O band of accusers would ever have grown pure after the calumny of which you spoke that is to say not one of you would have ever been reformed or purified from this sin by repenting of it. But God purifies whom He will from sin by accepting his repentance from him and God is Hearer of what you have said Knower of your intentions.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُحِبُّونَ أَن تَشِيعَ الْفَاحِشَةُ فِي الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَ‌ةِ

Surely, those who like that shamelessness spreads among the believers, for them there is a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter - 24:19.

Those who had taken part in any way in the slander are again condemned in this verse, and are warned with the punishment in the world and in the Hereafter. An extra element in this verse is that those who propagate such rumors actually want the spread of obscenity and immorality among the Muslims.

The Qur'anic system for the prevention of obscenity

The Holy Qur'an has drawn out this unique system for the prevention of obscenity that, in the first place such a news should not spread, and if at all it is leaked out, it should be backed up with lawful proof, so that the punishment of adultery is also executed publicly, immediately after the spread of the news. This way the publicity itself will serve as a preventive measure. If there were no condition of lawful proof, then it would have been lot easy to pass on and publicize such scandals, especially, when there is no punishment attached to it. Absence of any fear against spreading scandals leads to minimizing the repulsion against immorality and obscenity from the people's mind; rather it encourages to indulge in such crimes and to propagate them. This is an everyday experience that this sort of scandals is published in the newspapers daily. Young men and women read them frequently. As a result, the intensity of such wicked acts is minimized gradually, and instead a slow inclination for indulging in them develops in their minds. It is for this reason that the Holy Qur’ an has allowed publicity of such news only in such situations when it is supported with lawful evidence, so that people should see the severe punishment for the obscene crime along with the news of adultery when they learn about it. Where there is no proof and punishment, Qur'an has proclaimed the publicity of such news as a tool for spreading obscenity among the Muslims. This vital point needs to be pondered by the Muslims. This verse actually emphasizes that to give publicity to scandals without proof will invite very severe punishment both in this world and in the Hereafter. The punishment in the Hereafter will naturally follow after the Dooms Day, and thus cannot be experienced here, but the punishment of the world can be seen. So, those who were punished for false accusation have in fact experienced the punishment of the world. If anyone has escaped the execution of the punishment for want of proof needed for the award of this punishment, even then he has earned the punishment (which will be executed in the Hereafter). For the implication of the verse even this is enough.