20:114 Taa-Haa (Taa-Haa)

لما ذكر تعالى حكمه الجزائي في عباده، وحكمه الأمري الديني، الذي أنزله في كتابه، وكان هذا من آثار ملكه قال: { فَتَعَالَى اللَّهُ } أي: جل وارتفع وتقدس عن كل نقص وآفة، { الْمُلْكُ } الذي الملك وصفه، والخلق كلهم مماليك له، وأحكام الملك القدرية والشرعية، نافذة فيهم. { الْحَقُّ } أي: وجوده وملكه وكماله حق، فصفات الكمال، لا تكون حقيقة إلا لذي الجلال، ومن ذلك: الملك، فإن غيره من الخلق، وإن كان له ملك في بعض الأوقات، على بعض الأشياء، فإنه ملك قاصر باطل يزول، وأما الرب، فلا يزال ولا يزول ملكا حيا قيوما جليلا. { وَلَا تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْآنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ } أي: لا تبادر بتلقف القرآن حين يتلوه عليك جبريل، واصبر حتى يفرغ منه، فإذا فرغ منه فاقرأه، فإن الله قد ضمن لك جمعه في صدرك وقراءتك إياه، كما قال تعالى: { لَا تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْآنَهُ فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَاهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْآنَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ } ولما كانت عجلته صلى الله عليه وسلم، على تلقف الوحي ومبادرته إليه، تدل على محبته التامة للعلم وحرصه عليه، أمره الله تعالى أن يسأله زيادة العلم، فإن العلم خير، وكثرة الخير مطلوبة، وهي من الله، والطريق إليها الاجتهاد، والشوق للعلم، وسؤال الله، والاستعانة به، والافتقار إليه في كل وقت. ويؤخذ من هذه الآية الكريمة، الأدب في تلقي العلم، وأن المستمع للعلم ينبغي له أن يتأنى ويصبر حتى يفرغ المملي والمعلم من كلامه المتصل بعضه ببعض، فإذا فرغ منه سأل إن كان عنده سؤال، ولا يبادر بالسؤال وقطع كلام ملقي العلم، فإنه سبب للحرمان، وكذلك المسئول، ينبغي له أن يستملي سؤال السائل، ويعرف المقصود منه قبل الجواب، فإن ذلك سبب لإصابة الصواب.

وقال في هذه الآية "ولا تعجل بالقرآن من قبل أن يقضى إليك وحيه" أي بل أنصت فإذا فرغ الملك من قراءته عليك فاقرأه بعده "وقل رب زدني علما" أى زدني منك علما قال ابن عيينة رحمه الله ولم يزل صلى الله عليه وسلم في زيادة حتى توفاه الله عز وجل ولهذا جاء في الحديث " إن الله تابع الوحي على رسوله حتى كان الوحي أكثر ما كان يوم توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " وقال ابن ماجه حدثنا أبو بكر بن أبى شيبة حدثنا عبد الله بن نمير عن موسى بن عبيدة عن محمد بن ثابت عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: " اللهم انفعني بما علمتني وعلمني ما ينفعني وزدني علما والحمد لله على كل حال " وأخرجه الترمذي عن أبي كريب عن عبد الله بن نمير به وقال غريب من هذا الوجه ورواه البزار عن عمرو بن علي الفلاس عن أبي عاصم عن موسى بن عبيدة به وزاد في آخره وأعوذ بالله من حال أهل النار".

The Qur'an was revealed so that the People would have Taqwa and reflect

After Allah, the Exalted, mentions that on the Day of Judgement both the good and the evil will be recompensed and there is no avoiding it, He then explains that the Qur'an was revealed as a bringer of glad tidings and a warner in the clear and eloquent Arabic language. There is no confusion or deficiency in it.

وَصَرَّفْنَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَعِيدِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ

(And thus We have sent it down as a Qur'an in Arabic, and have explained therein in detail the warnings, in order that they may have Taqwa of,) This means: so that they will leave off sins, forbidden things and lewd abominations.

أَوْ يُحْدِثُ لَهُمْ ذِكْراً

(or that it may cause them to have a lesson from it.) This means: to produce acts of obedience and deeds that will bring one closer to Allah.

فَتَعَـلَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ

(Then High above all be Allah, the True King.) This means: Most Holy and Majestic is He, the True King, Who is Himself the Truth and His promise is true. Likewise, His threat is true, His Messengers are true, the Paradise is true, the Hellfire is true and everything from Him is true. His justice is that He does not punish anyone before warning them, sending Messengers to them and granting excuses to His creatures, so that no one will have any argument or doubt (on Judgment Day).

The Command to the Prophet to listen to the Qur'an when it is revealed without making haste

Concerning Allah's statement,

وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ

(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you,) This is similar to Allah's statement,

لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ - فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ - ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ

(Move not your tongue to make haste therewith. It is for Us to collect it and to give you the ability to recite it. And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recital. Then it is for Us to made it clear (to you).) 75:16-19 It is confirmed in the Sahih on the authority of Ibn `Abbas, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to go through great pains to retain the revelation. In doing so he used to move his tongue rapidly with its recital. Then, Allah revealed this Ayah. This means that whenever Jibril would say an Ayah, the Prophet would say it with him due to his eagerness to memorize it. Then, Allah guided him to that which was easier and lighter in this matter, to relieve him of this difficulty. Allah said,

لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ

(Move not your tongue to make haste therewith. It is for Us to collect it and to give you the ability to recite it.) 75:16-17 Meaning, "We will gather it in your chest, then you will recite it to the people without forgetting anything of it."

فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ - ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ

(And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recital. Then it is for Us to made it clear (to you).) 75:18-19 And He said in this Ayah,

وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ

(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you,) This is a command to the Prophet to listen quietly: `Then, when the angel (Jibril) completes reciting to you, you recite it after him.'

وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْماً

(and say: "My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.") meaning, "Give me more knowledge from You." Ibn `Uyaynah said, "The Prophet did not cease increasing (in knowledge) until Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, took him (i.e. he died)."

So exalted be God the King the Truth above what the idolaters say. And do not hasten with the Qur’ān that is to recite it before its revelation is completed for you before Gabriel is through delivering it and say ‘My Lord increase me in knowledge’ that is knowledge of the Qur’ān thus every time something of it was revealed to him his knowledge increased because of it.

وَلَا تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْ‌آنِ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يُقْضَىٰ إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ (And do not hasten with (reciting) the Qur'an before its revelation is concluded - 20: 114.) It has been stated in Sahih Hadith on the authority of Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ that in the early days of revelation when angel Jibra'il (علیہ السلام) brought a Qur’ anic verse and recited it to the Holy Prophet ﷺ ، the latter would try to repeat it after him, lest it escapes from his memory. He had, thus, to make a double effort, i.e. to listen to and understand the meaning of the Qur'anic verses while they were being recited by Jibra'il (علیہ السلام) and also to repeat them in order to commit them to memory. In this verse as well as in the verse لَا تُحَرِّ‌كْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ occurring in Surah قِیَامۃ (75:16) Allah lightened this burden from the Holy Prophet ﷺ by assuring him that he need not worry himself about memorizing the Qur'anic verses which were revealed to him because He (Allah) would make it possible for him to remember them without any effort on his part. All that he was directed to do was that he should keep praying, رَّ‌بِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا (My Lord, improve me in knowledge). This comprehensive prayer includes a plea for memorizing that portion of the Qur'an which had already been revealed to him and a desire for what remained of it and for the ability to understand its true meaning.