10:4 Yunus (Jonas)

فلما ذكر حكمه القدري وهو التدبير العام، وحكمه الديني وهو شرعه، الذي مضمونه ومقصوده عبادته وحده لا شريك له، ذكر الحكم الجزائي، وهو مجازاته على الأعمال بعد الموت، فقال‏:‏ ‏{‏إِلَيْهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا‏}‏ أي‏:‏ سيجمعكم بعد موتكم، لميقات يوم معلوم‏.‏ ‏{‏إنه يبدأ الخلق ثم يعيده‏}‏ فالقادر على ابتداء الخلق قادر على إعادته، والذي يرى ابتداءه بالخلق، ثم ينكر إعادته للخلق، فهو فاقد العقل منكر لأحد المثلين مع إثبات ما هو أولى منه، فهذا دليل عقلي واضح على المعاد‏.‏ وقد ذكر الدليل النقلي فقال‏:‏ ‏{‏وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقًّا‏}‏ أي‏:‏ وعده صادق لا بد من إتمامه ‏{‏لِيَجْزِيَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا‏}‏ بقلوبهم بما أمرهم الله بالإيمان به‏.‏ ‏{‏وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ‏}‏ بجوارحهم، من واجبات، ومستحبات، ‏{‏بِالْقِسْطِ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ بإيمانهم وأعمالهم، جزاء قد بينه لعباده، وأخبر أنه لا تعلم نفس ما أخفى لهم من قرة أعين ‏{‏وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا‏}‏ بآيات الله وكذبوا رسل الله‏.‏ ‏{‏لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ ماء حار، يشوي الوجوه، ويقطع الأمعاء‏.‏ ‏{‏وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ‏}‏ من سائر أصناف العذاب ‏{‏بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْفُرُونَ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ بسبب كفرهم وظلمهم، وما ظلمهم الله ولكن أنفسهم يظلمون‏.‏

يخبر تعالى أن إليه مرجع الخلائق يوم القيامة لا يترك منهم أحدا حتى يعيده كما بدأه ثم ذكر تعالى أنه كما بدأ الخلق كذلك يعيده "وهو الذي يبدأ الخلق ثم يعيده وهو أهون عليه" "ليجزي الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات بالقسط" أي بالعدل والجزاء الأوفى "والذين كفروا لهم شراب من حميم وعذاب أليم بما كانوا يكفرون" أي بسبب كفرهم يعذبون يوم القيامة بأنواع العذاب من سموم وحميم وظل من يحموم "هذا فليذوقوه حميم وغساق وآخر من شكله أزواج" "هذه جهنم التي يكذب بها المجرمون يطوفون بينها وبين حميم آن".

The Return of Everything is to Allah

Allah tells us that the return of the creatures on the Day of Resurrection is to Him. He will not leave anyone of them without bringing everyone into being as He brought them in the beginning. Then Allah states that He is going to bring all the creatures into being.

وَهُوَ الَّذِى يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ وَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهِ

(And He it is Who originates the creation, then He will repeat it (after it has perished); and this is easier for Him.) (30:27),

لِيَجْزِىَ الَّذِينَ ءامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَاتِ بِالْقِسْطِ

(that He may reward with justice those who believed and did deeds of righteousness.) meaning, the reward will be with justice and complete recompense.

وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَهُمْ شَرَابٌ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكْفُرُونَ

(But those who disbelieved will have a drink of boiling fluids and painful torment because they used to disbelieve.) meaning, because of their disbelief they will be punished on the Day of Resurrection by different forms of torment, such as fierce hot winds, boiling water, and the shadow of black smoke.

هَـذَا فَلْيَذُوقُوهُ حَمِيمٌ وَغَسَّاقٌ - وَءَاخَرُ مِن شَكْلِهِ أَزْوَجٌ

(This is so! Then let them taste it; a boiling fluid and dirty wound discharges. And other (torments) of similar kind all together!) (38: 57-58)

هَـذِهِ جَهَنَّمُ الَّتِى يُكَذِّبُ بِهَا الْمُجْرِمُونَ - يَطُوفُونَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ حَمِيمٍ ءَانٍ

(This is the Hell which the criminals denied. They will go between it (Hell) and the fierce boiling water!) (55:43-44)

To Him exalted be He is the return of all of you God’s promise in truth both wa‘da and haqqan are verbal nouns and in the accusative because of the verbs implicit in them. Truly He read innahu as a new sentence or annahu with an implied lām sc. li-annahu ‘Because He’ originates creation that is He began it by originating it then recreates it through resurrection that He may requite reward those who believe and perform righteous deeds justly. And those who disbelieve for them will be a draught of boiling water and a painful chastisement because they disbelieved.

The fourth verse describes the ` Aqidah of 'Akhirah (Belief in the Hereafter) إِلَيْهِ مَرْ‌جِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًا (Towards Him is the return of you all). The announcement is asserted by saying: وَعْدَ اللَّـهِ حَقًّا (a real [ and true ] promise from Allah). That it must be as promised has been explained through the simple logic of: إِنَّهُ يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ (Surely, He originates the creation, then He will bring it again). The sentence is telling us that there is nothing surprising about it and that there is no sense in worrying about as to how this entire universe would start pulsating with life after it has been eliminated. The reason is that the Sacred Power who has the mastery to create something the first time, without any pre-existing matter and without any prototype of form and shape, should hardly find any difficulty in creating once again everything He had made then unmade.

To Him is your place of return, all together-God's promise in truth. To return is to go back, and going back must have a beginning. To God belongs the command, before and after [30:4]. Concerning the intimations of the verse, " To Him is your place of return, all together, " Junayd said, " From Him is the beginning and to Him the end. What is between these are the pastures of His bounty and the uninterruptedness of His blessings. For those to whom felicity preceded at the beginning, this will be displayed in His pastures and in moving about in His blessings by their mak- ing manifest the tongue of gratitude, the state of approval, and the contemplation of the Patron of Blessings. As for those who were not permitted the felicity of the beginning, they will nullify the days of training their souls and collect ephemeral chaff so as to be pushed back to the wretchedness that preceded at the beginning. " Junayd is saying that all things begin with God and all return to God. In other words, everything is brought forth by His power and returned to His decree. He is the First and the Last. The Begin- ningless is His predetermination, the Endless His decision. Everything arrives newly through His gentleness, and all the newly arrived things are annihilated by His severity. Between this and that are the pastures of His bounty and the marks giving witness to His blessings. All those whom the begin- ningless command brought into being inscribed with felicity came forth in the pastures of bounty giving gratitude for blessings and approving of the apportionment, their tongues in remembrance, their hearts grateful, and their spirits limpid and believing. All those who received the beginningless decree of wretchedness had ruined lives, indigent days, and bad outcomes. They were tainted by this world, captivated by the forbidden, and attached to diversions and games. He wanted this for them in the end in order to take them back to the beginningless decree and the First Day. This is what the Lord of the Worlds is saying: " To Him is your place of return, all together-God's promise in truth. " It has been said, " Promised to the obedient are the highest paradises, and promised to the disobedient are mercy and approval.