10:27 Yunus (Jonas)

لما ذكر أصحاب الجنة ذكر أصحاب النار، فذكر أن بضاعتهم التي اكتسبوها في الدنيا هي الأعمال السيئة المسخطة لله، من أنواع الكفر والتكذيب، وأصناف المعاصي، فجزاؤهم سيئة مثلها أي‏:‏ جزاء يسوؤهم بحسب ما عملوا من السيئات على اختلاف أحوالهم‏.‏ ‏{‏وَتَرْهَقُهُمْ‏}‏ أي‏:‏ تغشاهم ‏{‏ذِلَّةٌ‏}‏ في قلوبهم وخوف من عذاب الله، لا يدفعه عنهم دافع ولا يعصمهم منه عاصم، وتسري تلك الذلة الباطنة إلى ظاهرهم، فتكون سوادًا في الوجوه ‏.‏ ‏{‏كَأَنَّمَا أُغْشِيَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ قِطَعًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ مُظْلِمًا أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ‏}‏ فكم بين الفريقين من الفرق، ويا بعد ما بينهما من التفاوت‏؟‏‏!‏ ‏{‏وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَاضِرَةٌ إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ بَاسِرَةٌ تَظُنُّ أَنْ يُفْعَلَ بِهَا فَاقِرَةٌ‏}‏ ‏{‏ووُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُسْفِرَةٌ ضَاحِكَةٌ مُسْتَبْشِرَةٌ وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌ تَرْهَقُهَا قَتَرَةٌ أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَفَرَةُ الْفَجَرَةُ‏}‏

لما أخبر تعالى عن حال السعداء الذين يضاعف لهم الحسنات ويزدادون على ذلك عطف بذكر حال الأشقياء فذكر تعالى عدله فيهم وأنه يجازيهم على السيئة بمثلها لا يزيدهم على ذلك "وترهقهم" أي تعتريهم وتعلوهم ذلة من معاصيهم وخوفهم منها كما قال "وتراهم يعرضون عليها خاشعين من الذل" الآية وقال تعالى "ولا تحسبن الله غافلا عما يعمل الظالمون إنما يؤخرهم ليوم تشخص فيه الأبصار مهطعين مقنعي رءوسهم" الآيات. وقوله "ما لهم من الله من عاصم" أي مانع ولا واق يقيهم العذاب كقوله تعالى "يقول الإنسان يومئذ أين المفر كلا لا وزر إلى ربك يومئذ المستقر" وقوله "كأنما أغشيت وجوههم" الآية إخبار عن سواد وجوههم في الدار الآخرة كقوله تعالى "يوم تبيض وجوه وتسود وجوه فأما الذين اسودت وجوههم أكفرتم بعد إيمانكم فذوقوا العذاب بما كنتم تكفرون وأما الذين ابيضت وجوههم ففي رحمة الله هم فيها خالدون" وقوله تعالى "وجوه يومئذ مسفرة ضاحكة مستبشرة ووجوه يومئذ عليها غبرة" الآية.

The Reward of the Wicked Criminals

After Allah told us about the state of those happy people who have done right and He promised increase in reward, He continued to tell us about the unlucky, miserable ones. He told us about His justice with them. He will reward them with similar evil, without any increase

وَتَرْهَقُهُمْ

(and will cover them) meaning that their faces will be covered and overtaken by humiliation because of their sins and their fear from these sins. Similarly Allah said:

وَتَرَاهُمْ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا خَـشِعِينَ مِنَ الذُّلِّ

(And you will see them brought forward to it, (Hell) made humble by disgrace.)42:45 He also said:

وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ اللَّهَ غَـفِلاً عَمَّا يَعْمَلُ الظَّـلِمُونَ إِنَّمَا يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ لِيَوْمٍ تَشْخَصُ فِيهِ الأَبْصَـرُ مُهْطِعِينَ مُقْنِعِى رُءُوسِهِمْ

(Consider not that Allah is unaware of that which the wrongdoers do, but He gives them respite up to a Day when the eyes will stare in horror. (They will be) hastening forward with necks outstretched, their heads raised up (towards the sky).)14:42 - 43 Allah then said:

مَّا لَهُمْ مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَاصِمٍ

(No defender will they have from Allah.) meaning, there will be no protectors to prevent them from punishment as Allah said:

يَقُولُ الإِنسَـنُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَيْنَ الْمَفَرُّ - كَلاَّ لاَ وَزَرَ - إِلَى رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمُسْتَقَرُّ

(On that Day man will say: "Where (is the refuge) to flee" No! There is no refuge! Unto your Lord (alone) will be the place of rest that Day.)75:10-12 Allah's statement:

كَأَنَّمَا أُغْشِيَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ

(Their faces will be covered as it were...) means that their faces will be dark in the Hereafter. This is similar to His statement:

يَوْمَ تَبْيَضُّ وُجُوهٌ وَتَسْوَدُّ وُجُوهٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ اسْوَدَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ أَكْفَرْتُمْ بَعْدَ إِيمَـنِكُمْ فَذُوقُواْ الْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ - وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ ابْيَضَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ فَفِى رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَـلِدُونَ

(On the Day (the Day of Resurrection) when some faces will become white and some faces will become black; as for those whose faces will become black (to them will be said): "Did you reject faith after accepting it Then taste the torment (in Hell) for rejecting faith." And for those whose faces will become white, they will be in Allah's mercy (Paradise), therein they shall dwell forever.)3:106-107 He also said:

وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُّسْفِرَةٌ - ضَـحِكَةٌ مُّسْتَبْشِرَةٌ - وَوُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَيْهَا غَبَرَةٌ

(Some faces that Day will be bright, laughing, rejoicing at good news (of Paradise). And other faces that Day will be dust-stained. )80:38-40

And for those wa’lladhīna is a supplement to li’lladhīna ahsanū ‘for those who do good’ so understand it as wa-li’lladhīna ‘and for those’ who earn evil deeds by practising idolatry there shall be the requital of an evil deed by the like thereof; ignominy shall overcome them — they have no protector no defender against God — as if their faces had been covered with cloaked in strips of darkest night read qita‘an as the plural of qit‘a; or qit‘an meaning juz’an ‘a part’. Those they are the inhabitants of the Fire therein they will abide.

In the two verses (27, 28) appearing next, there is a dialogue between the people of Jahannam and the idols or satans who had led them astray. The locale will be the plain of Resurrection. It was said: On that day, We shall gather everyone. Then, to the Mushriks We shall say that, ` you and your gods whom you had associated' with Us in Our divinity stay in your places where you are, so that you can find out the reality of your conviction.' After that, the connection between these people and their so-called gods as it existed in the mortal world will be disconnected. The result will be that their idols will speak up: ` you never worshipped us.' Making Allah their witness, they will say, ` as for us, we were certainly unaware of your worship' - because we have no senses, no movement and no intelligence to understand these matters.